Lin Lewei A, Ilgen Mark A, Jannausch Mary, Bohnert Kipling M
University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Addiction Center, North Campus Research Complex 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Addiction Center, North Campus Research Complex 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; VA Center for Clinical Management Research (CCMR), Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Ann Arbor MI, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
Addict Behav. 2016 Oct;61:99-103. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.05.015. Epub 2016 May 17.
Cannabis has been legalized for medical use in almost half of the states in the U.S. Although laws in these states make the distinction between medical and recreational use of cannabis, the prevalence of people using medical cannabis and how distinct this group is from individuals using cannabis recreationally is unknown at a national level.
Data came from the 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). All adults endorsing past year cannabis use who reported living in a state that had legalized medical cannabis were divided into recreational cannabis use only and medical cannabis use. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared across these two groups.
17% of adults who used cannabis in the past year used cannabis medically. There were no significant differences between those who used medically versus recreationally in race, education, past year depression and prevalence of cannabis use disorders. In adjusted analyses, those with medical cannabis use were more likely to have poorer health and lower levels of alcohol use disorders and non-cannabis drug use. A third of those who reported medical cannabis use endorsed daily cannabis use compared to 11% in those who reported recreational use exclusively.
Adults who use medical and recreational cannabis shared some characteristics, but those who used medical cannabis had higher prevalence of poor health and daily cannabis use. As more states legalize cannabis for medical use, it is important to better understand similarities and differences between people who use cannabis medically and recreationally.
在美国，近半数州已将大麻用于医疗用途合法化。尽管这些州的法律对大麻的医疗用途和娱乐用途做了区分，但在全国范围内，使用医用大麻的人群比例以及该群体与娱乐性使用大麻的个体有何不同尚不清楚。
数据来自2013年全国药物使用和健康调查（NSDUH）。所有报告过去一年使用过大麻且居住在医用大麻已合法化州的成年人被分为仅娱乐性使用大麻和医用大麻使用者两类。对这两组人群的人口统计学和临床特征进行比较。
在过去一年使用过大麻的成年人中，17%使用的是医用大麻。在种族、教育程度、过去一年的抑郁情况以及大麻使用障碍患病率方面，医用大麻使用者和娱乐性大麻使用者之间没有显著差异。在调整分析中，使用医用大麻的人健康状况更差，酒精使用障碍和非大麻类药物使用水平更低。报告使用医用大麻的人群中有三分之一认可每日使用大麻，而在仅报告娱乐性使用大麻的人群中这一比例为11%。
使用医用大麻和娱乐性大麻的成年人有一些共同特征，但使用医用大麻的人健康状况较差和每日使用大麻的比例更高。随着越来越多的州将大麻用于医疗用途合法化，更好地了解医用大麻使用者和娱乐性大麻使用者之间的异同非常重要。
