Center for Research on Emotion, Stress, and Technology, Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2017 Aug;30(4):432-437. doi: 10.1002/jts.22198. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
Childhood maltreatment increases the risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and comorbid substance use disorder (SUD). One pathway by which this occurs is through impaired emotion regulation. Past research has shown that negative urgency, a deficit in the regulation of negative emotions, is strongly related to PTSD in those with comorbid SUD. However, there is minimal research on the relation between positive urgency and PTSD in those with comorbid SUD. The current study investigated the association between childhood maltreatment, positive urgency, negative urgency, and PTSD symptoms among those with SUD. Results suggested that PTSD was associated with negative urgency and positive urgency overall. Childhood maltreatment did not moderate the association between negative urgency and PTSD. Childhood emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and sexual abuse moderated the relation between positive urgency and PTSD (ΔR = .04 to .10). The association between PTSD and positive urgency was only significant at lower levels of emotional abuse and neglect. Future research should further examine the processing of positive emotions in those with PTSD and comorbid SUD. Findings might inform clinical interventions among populations exposed to childhood maltreatment to reduce or prevent the development of psychopathology.
儿童虐待会增加创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和共病物质使用障碍（SUD）的风险。发生这种情况的一种途径是通过情绪调节受损。过去的研究表明，消极冲动，即消极情绪调节的缺陷，与共病 SUD 患者的 PTSD 密切相关。然而，关于共病 SUD 患者中积极冲动与 PTSD 之间的关系，研究甚少。本研究调查了 SUD 患者中儿童虐待、积极冲动、消极冲动与 PTSD 症状之间的关系。结果表明，PTSD 与消极冲动和积极冲动总体上有关。儿童虐待并不能调节消极冲动与 PTSD 之间的关系。儿童期情感虐待、情感忽视和性虐待调节了积极冲动与 PTSD 之间的关系（ΔR=.04 至.10）。PTSD 与积极冲动之间的关联仅在情感虐待和忽视程度较低时才具有统计学意义。未来的研究应该进一步研究 PTSD 和共病 SUD 患者对积极情绪的处理。研究结果可能为针对暴露于儿童虐待的人群的临床干预提供信息，以减少或预防精神病理学的发展。
