Faje Alexander
Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016 Sep 6;2:15. doi: 10.1186/s40842-016-0034-8. eCollection 2016.
Hypophysitis is the acute or chronic inflammation of the pituitary gland. The spectrum of hypophysitis has expanded in recent years with the addition of two histologic subtypes and recognition as a complication of treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the increased number of published cases, the pathogenesis of hypophysitis is poorly understood, and treatment strategies are diverse and controversial. The diagnosis of hypophysitis generally requires histopathologic confirmation. The presentation and clinical course of hypophysitis varies. Hypophysitis can resolve spontaneously, relapse may occur, and some cases can be refractory to treatment.
垂体炎是垂体的急性或慢性炎症。近年来，随着两种组织学亚型的增加以及被确认为免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的并发症，垂体炎的范围有所扩大。尽管已发表的病例数量有所增加，但垂体炎的发病机制仍知之甚少，治疗策略多样且存在争议。垂体炎的诊断通常需要组织病理学证实。垂体炎的表现和临床过程各不相同。垂体炎可自发缓解，可能会复发，有些病例可能对治疗无效。
