Doxa Aggeliki, Albert Cécile Hélène, Leriche Agathe, Saatkamp Arne
Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Faculté de St-Jérôme, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France.
Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Faculté de St-Jérôme, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Oct 1;201:425-434. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.021. Epub 2017 Jul 10.
Coastal urban expansion will continue to drive further biodiversity losses, if conservation targets for coastal ecosystems are not defined and met. Prioritizing areas for future protected area networks is thus an urgent task in such urbanization-threatened ecosystems. Our aim is to quantify past and future losses of coastal vegetation priority areas due to urbanization and assess the effectiveness of the existing protected area network for conservation. We conduct a prioritization analysis, based on 82 coastal plants, including common and IUCN red list species, in a highly-urbanized but biotically diverse region, in South-Eastern France. We evaluate the role of protected areas, by taking into account both strict and multi-use areas. We assess the impact of past and future urbanization on high priority areas, by combining prioritization analyses and urbanization models. We show that half of the highly diverse areas have already been lost due to urbanization. Remaining top priority areas are also among the most exposed to future urban expansion. The effectiveness of the existing protected area (PA) network is only partial. While strict PAs coincide well with top priority areas, they only represent less than one third of priority areas. The effectiveness of multi-use PAs, such as the Natura 2000 network, also remains limited. Our approach highlights the impact of urbanization on plant conservation targets. By modelling urbanization, we manage to identify those areas where protection could be more efficient to limit further losses. We suggest to use our approach in the future to expand the PA network in order to achieve the 2020 Aichi biodiversity targets.
如果沿海生态系统的保护目标未得到明确和实现，沿海城市扩张将继续推动生物多样性进一步丧失。因此，在这些受到城市化威胁的生态系统中，确定未来保护区网络的优先区域是一项紧迫任务。我们的目标是量化过去和未来因城市化导致的沿海植被优先区域的丧失情况，并评估现有保护区网络的保护成效。我们在法国东南部一个高度城市化但生物多样性丰富的地区，基于82种沿海植物（包括常见物种和世界自然保护联盟红色名录物种）进行了优先性分析。我们通过考虑严格保护区和多功能区来评估保护区的作用。我们通过结合优先性分析和城市化模型，评估过去和未来城市化对高优先区域的影响。我们发现，由于城市化，一半的生物多样性丰富区域已经丧失。剩余的最优先区域也最容易受到未来城市扩张的影响。现有保护区网络的成效有限。虽然严格保护区与最优先区域吻合度较好，但它们仅占优先区域的不到三分之一。多功能保护区（如“自然2000”网络）的成效也依然有限。我们的方法突出了城市化对植物保护目标的影响。通过对城市化进行建模，我们能够确定哪些区域的保护措施可能更有效，以限制进一步的损失。我们建议未来使用我们的方法来扩大保护区网络，以实现2020年爱知生物多样性目标。
