Park Hyunjoon, Lee Jae Kyung
Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Women's Studies, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
Soc Sci Res. 2017 Aug;66:187-200. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2016.10.003. Epub 2016 Nov 1.
Applying discrete-time hazard models to person-year data constructed from 1% microdata sample of 2010 Korean Census, we explore how men's education affects their transition to first marriage, and how the relationship between education and marriage has changed across three 10-year birth cohorts of Korean men born from 1946 to 1975. Drawing on Oppenheimer's theory of marriage and review of changing educational and economic contexts of Korean men, we develop a hypothesis on growing educational differentials in marriage. We find that the high educated delay marriage until later ages but catch up to the extent to which they are eventually more likely to marry than the low educated. There is a continued trend across cohorts toward the delay and avoidance of marriage at all educational levels. However, the trend of retreat from marriage has been more substantial for men with high school or less education compared to men with a university degree, leading to growing educational gaps over time in marriage. Among the three cohorts, the youngest cohort, among which low educated men's economic prospects have particularly deteriorated due to rapid educational expansion and economic crisis, shows most pronounced decline in marriage.
运用离散时间风险模型对根据2010年韩国人口普查1%微观数据样本构建的人年数据进行分析，我们探究了男性受教育程度如何影响他们步入初婚的转变过程，以及教育与婚姻之间的关系在1946年至1975年出生的三代10年出生队列的韩国男性中是如何变化的。借鉴奥本海默的婚姻理论并审视韩国男性不断变化的教育和经济背景，我们提出了一个关于婚姻中教育差异不断扩大的假设。我们发现，高学历者会将结婚推迟到较晚年龄，但最终他们比低学历者更有可能结婚，从而缩小了差距。在所有教育水平上，各队列中都存在持续的推迟和回避婚姻的趋势。然而，与拥有大学学位的男性相比，高中及以下学历的男性退出婚姻的趋势更为明显，导致随着时间推移，婚姻中的教育差距不断扩大。在这三代队列中，最年轻的队列中低学历男性的经济前景因教育迅速扩张和经济危机而尤其恶化，该队列的结婚率下降最为明显。
