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在我居住的社区里黑人不锻炼:中产阶级黑人和白人对种族构成的认知与休闲时间的体育活动

Black people don't exercise in my neighborhood: Perceived racial composition and leisure-time physical activity among middle class blacks and whites.

作者信息

Ray Rashawn

机构信息

University of Maryland, College Park, United States.

出版信息

Soc Sci Res. 2017 Aug;66:42-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2017.03.008. Epub 2017 Mar 31.

Abstract

Using a sample of middle class blacks and whites living in urban and suburban areas, this article focuses on how perceptions of the racial composition of neighborhoods influence leisure-time physical activity. Using an ordinal representation of an underlying continuous indication of the perceived percentage of blacks and whites within an egocentric neighborhood, the results show that black men are significantly less likely to be physically active in neighborhoods perceived as predominately white. Alternatively, they are more likely to be physically active in neighborhoods perceived as racially diverse and predominately black. Conversely, for black women, white women, and white men, physical activity increases as the perception of one's neighborhood becomes increasingly white. Black women are significantly less likely to engage in physical activity in neighborhoods perceived as predominately black and urban. Drawing upon the intersectionality framework, I discuss how perceptions of criminalization and safety lead to different levels of leisure-time physical activity for middle class black women and men relative to their white middle class counterparts.

摘要

本文以居住在城市和郊区的中产阶级黑人和白人为样本,重点研究邻里种族构成的认知如何影响休闲时间的体育活动。通过对以自我为中心的邻里中黑人与白人所占比例这一潜在连续指标的有序表示,结果显示,在被认为主要是白人的社区中,黑人男性进行体育活动的可能性显著较低。相反,在被认为种族多样且主要是黑人的社区中,他们进行体育活动的可能性更大。相反,对于黑人女性、白人女性和白人男性来说,随着对自己所在社区的认知越来越偏向白人,体育活动会增加。在被认为主要是黑人且为城市社区的地方,黑人女性参与体育活动的可能性显著较低。借鉴交叉性框架,我讨论了对犯罪化和安全的认知如何导致中产阶级黑人女性和男性相对于白人中产阶级同龄人在休闲时间体育活动水平上的差异。

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