Post-graduate Program of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences do Universidade Federal Rio Grande, Alegre Porto, RS, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio, Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio, Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Brain Res Bull. 2017 Sep;134:55-62. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.07.002. Epub 2017 Jul 10.
Striatum and the cerebral cortex are regions susceptible to secondary injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and glial cells in tissue adjacent to the hematoma may modulate cellular vulnerability after brain damage. Nonetheless, while the glial- associated changes occurring in the cerebral cortex after ICH may be important in maximizing brain recovery, they are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the temporal profile of glial-associated changes in the cerebral cortex after ICH. First, the motor consequences of ICH and its relation to the lesion volume were analyzed. Secondly, glial cell proportion (GFAP+ and S100B+ astrocytes, CD11+ microglia) in the ipsilesional sensorimotor cortex and striatum, using flow cytometry were evaluated. ELISA was used to measure GFAP and S100B content in these structures as well as S100B levels in serum and cerebral spinal fluid. Main results revealed that ICH induced a delayed increase in GFAP+ cells in the sensorimotor cortex, as compared to the striatum, although the pattern of GFAP expression was similar in both structures. Interestingly, the time-curve patterns of both S100B and CD11+ microglial cells differed between the cortex and striatum. Altogether, these results suggest a different dynamics of glial-associated changes in the cerebral cortex, suggesting it is a vulnerable structure and undergoes an independent secondary process of reactive glial plasticity following intracerebral hemorrhage.
纹状体和大脑皮层是脑出血（ICH）后易发生继发性损伤的区域，血肿附近组织中的神经胶质细胞可能调节脑损伤后的细胞易损性。尽管如此，虽然ICH 后大脑皮层中发生的与神经胶质相关的变化对于最大限度地促进大脑恢复可能很重要，但它们并未得到充分理解。本研究旨在评估 ICH 后大脑皮层中与神经胶质相关的变化的时间进程。首先，分析了 ICH 的运动后果及其与病变体积的关系。其次，使用流式细胞术评估了损伤侧感觉运动皮层和纹状体中神经胶质细胞比例（GFAP+和 S100B+星形胶质细胞、CD11+小胶质细胞）。ELISA 用于测量这些结构中的 GFAP 和 S100B 含量以及血清和脑脊液中的 S100B 水平。主要结果显示，与纹状体相比，ICH 诱导了感觉运动皮层中 GFAP+细胞的延迟增加，尽管两种结构中的 GFAP 表达模式相似。有趣的是，S100B 和 CD11+小胶质细胞的时间曲线模式在皮层和纹状体之间存在差异。总之，这些结果表明大脑皮层中与神经胶质相关的变化具有不同的动力学，表明它是一个易损结构，并在脑出血后经历独立的反应性神经胶质可塑性二次过程。
