Università degli Studi di Catania, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali, Corso Italia 57, Catania, 95129, Italy.
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Catania, Osservatorio Etneo, Piazza Roma 2, Catania, 95125, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 13;7(1):5361. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05318-9.
On the 28 December 2014, a violent and short paroxysmal eruption occurred at the South East Crater (SEC) of Mount Etna that led to the formation of huge niches on the SW and NE flanks of the SEC edifice from which a volume of ~3 × 10 m of lava was erupted. Two basaltic lava flows discharged at a rate of ~370 m/s, reaching a maximum distance of ~5 km. The seismicity during the event was scarce and the eruption was not preceded by any notable ground deformation, which instead was dramatic during and immediately after the event. The SO flux associated with the eruption was relatively low and even decreased few days before. Observations suggest that the paroxysm was not related to the ascent of volatile-rich fresh magma from a deep reservoir (dyke intrusion), but instead to a collapse of a portion of SEC, similar to what happens on exogenous andesitic domes. The sudden and fast discharge eventually triggered a depressurization in the shallow volcano plumbing system that drew up fresh magma from depth. Integration of data and observations has allowed to formulate a novel interpretation of mechanism leading volcanic activity at Mt. Etna and on basaltic volcanoes worldwide.
2014 年 12 月 28 日，埃特纳火山的东南火山口（SEC）发生了一次剧烈而短暂的爆发，导致 SEC 建筑物的西南和东北侧翼形成了巨大的凹痕，从中喷发了约 3×10^6m^3 的熔岩。两次玄武岩熔岩流以约 370m/s 的速度排放，最大距离达到约 5km。事件期间的地震活动很少，喷发前没有任何明显的地面变形，而在喷发期间和之后立即发生了剧烈的变形。与喷发相关的 SO 通量相对较低，甚至在几天前就有所下降。观测结果表明，这次爆发与富含挥发物的新鲜岩浆从深部储层（岩脉侵入）上升无关，而是与 SEC 的一部分崩塌有关，类似于外源安山质穹顶的情况。突然而快速的排放最终引发了浅层火山管道系统的减压，从深处抽取了新鲜岩浆。数据和观测的综合分析允许对导致埃特纳火山和世界各地玄武质火山活动的机制提出新的解释。
