Hershberger Alexandra R, Um Miji, Cyders Melissa A
Department of Psychology, Indiana University - Purdue University, Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, United States.
Department of Psychology, Indiana University - Purdue University, Indianapolis, 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017 Sep 1;178:408-416. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.032. Epub 2017 Jun 28.
Although impulsive personality traits have been well implicated in substance use disorder (SUD) risk, little work has established how specific impulsive personality traits influence and are influenced by SUD psychotherapy outcomes. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to quantitatively review existing work to examine 1) how impulsive personality traits affect SUD psychotherapy outcomes and 2) reductions in impulsive personality traits during SUD psychotherapy.
Studies were identified by conducting a comprehensive review of the literature.
For aim one (k=6), significant effects were found for lack of premeditation (g=0.60, SE=0.30, 95% CI 0.01-1.20; z=1.99, p=0.05) and negative urgency (g=0.55, SE=0.17, 95% CI 0.22-0.88, z=3.30, p=0.001), with trait scores related to poorer SUD psychotherapy outcomes. For aim two (k=10), decreases in sensation seeking (g=-0.10, SE=0.05, 95% CI -0.20 to 0.004; z=-1.88, p=0.02) and negative urgency (g=-0.25, SE=0.14, 95% CI -0.53 to 0.03; z=-1.75, p=0.03) during SUD psychotherapy were significant.
Overall, our quantitative synthesis suggests that lack of premeditation and negative urgency are related to poorer SUD psychotherapy outcomes. Although negative urgency and sensation seeking are decreasing during SUD psychotherapy, the magnitude of the change is quite small. Overall, we suggest that the measurement and targeting of impulsive personality traits in psychotherapy has strong potential to improve clinical outcomes across SUDs and a wide range of clinical problems and disorders.
尽管冲动型人格特质与物质使用障碍（SUD）风险密切相关，但很少有研究确定特定的冲动型人格特质如何影响SUD心理治疗结果以及受其影响。本荟萃分析的目的是定量回顾现有研究，以检验：1）冲动型人格特质如何影响SUD心理治疗结果；2）SUD心理治疗过程中冲动型人格特质的减少情况。
通过对文献进行全面回顾来确定研究。
对于目标一（k = 6），发现缺乏预谋（g = 0.60，标准误 = 0.30，95%置信区间0.01 - 1.20；z = 1.99，p = 0.05）和消极紧迫性（g = 0.55，标准误 = 0.17，95%置信区间0.22 - 0.88，z = 3.30，p = 0.001）有显著影响，特质得分与较差的SUD心理治疗结果相关。对于目标二（k = 10），SUD心理治疗期间寻求刺激（g = -0.10，标准误 = 0.05，95%置信区间 -0.20至0.004；z = -1.88，p = 0.02）和消极紧迫性（g = -0.25，标准误 = 0.14，95%置信区间 -0.53至0.03；z = -1.75，p = 0.03）的降低具有显著性。
总体而言，我们的定量综合分析表明，缺乏预谋和消极紧迫性与较差的SUD心理治疗结果相关。尽管在SUD心理治疗期间消极紧迫性和寻求刺激有所下降，但变化幅度相当小。总体而言，我们建议在心理治疗中对冲动型人格特质进行测量和针对性干预，对于改善各类SUD以及广泛的临床问题和障碍的临床结果具有很大潜力。
