Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, 2750 Campus Way, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.
Science Center Rm 2106A , 35 East 12th Street, Holland, Michigan 49422-9000, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Aug 15;51(16):9022-9032. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02080. Epub 2017 Jul 28.
Papers and textiles that are treated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are sources of human and environmental exposure. Data for individual PFASs, such as perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), are not placed into the context of total fluorine for papers and textiles. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used to quantify volatile and ionic PFASs, respectively, and the total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay was used to quantify precursors that form perfluoroalkyl carboxylates. Molar sums of PFASs obtained by GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and precursors were compared to total fluorine (nmol F/cm) determined by particle-induced gamma ray emission (PIGE) spectroscopy, measured before and after extraction. Volatile and ionic PFASs and unknown precursors accounted for 0-2.2%, 0-0.41%, and 0.021-14%, respectively, of the total nmol F/cm determined by PIGE. After extraction, papers and textiles retained 64 ± 28% to 110 ± 30% of the original nmol F/cm as determined by PIGE, indicating that the majority of fluorine remains associated with the papers and textiles. The sum of PFASs in the volatile, ionic, and precursor fraction, and total fluorine after extraction indicate that mass balance was achieved (within analytical error) of the initial total fluorine measured by PIGE.
经过全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 处理的纸张和纺织品是人类和环境接触的来源。纸张和纺织品中个别 PFAS（如全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS) 和全氟辛酸 (PFOA)）的数据并未纳入总氟的背景中。我们分别使用气相色谱-质谱法 (GC-MS) 和液相色谱-串联质谱法 (LC-MS/MS) 来定量挥发性和离子性 PFAS，使用总可氧化前体 (TOP) 测定法来定量形成全氟烷基羧酸的前体。通过 GC-MS、LC-MS/MS 和前体获得的 PFAS 摩尔总和与通过粒子感生伽马射线发射 (PIGE) 光谱法测定的原始 nmol F/cm（nmol F/cm）进行了比较，该值在提取前后进行了测量。挥发性和离子性 PFAS 和未知前体分别占 PIGE 测定的总 nmol F/cm 的 0-2.2%、0-0.41%和 0.021-14%。提取后，纸张和纺织品保留了 PIGE 测定的原始 nmol F/cm 的 64±28%至 110±30%，表明大部分氟仍与纸张和纺织品结合。挥发性、离子性和前体部分中 PFAS 总和提取后的总氟表明，PIGE 测量的初始总氟实现了质量平衡（在分析误差范围内）。
