a Department of Psychiatry , University of Michigan.
b Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology , University of Michigan.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2018;47(sup1):S384-S396. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2017.1342546. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
This study of adolescents seeking emergency department (ED) services and their parents examined parents' self-efficacy beliefs to engage in suicide prevention activities, whether these beliefs varied based on teens' characteristics, and the extent to which they were associated with adolescents' suicide-related outcomes. Participants included 162 adolescents (57% female, 81.5% Caucasian), ages 13-17, and their parents. At index visit, parents rated their self-efficacy to engage in suicide prevention activities and their expectations regarding their teen's future suicide risk. Adolescents' ED visits for suicide-related concerns and suicide attempts were assessed 4 months later. Parents endorsed high self-efficacy to engage in most suicide prevention activities. At the same time, they endorsed considerable doubt in being able to keep their child safe if the teen has thoughts of suicide and in their child not attempting suicide in the future. Parents whose teens experienced follow-up suicide-related outcomes endorsed, at clinically meaningful effect sizes, lower self-efficacy for recognizing suicide warning signs, for obtaining the teen's commitment to refrain from suicide, and for encouraging their teen to cope, as well as lower confidence that their teen will not attempt suicide; self-efficacy to recognize warning signs was at trend level. Despite endorsing high self-efficacy for the majority of suicide prevention activities, parents of high-risk teens expressed less confidence in their capacity to influence their teen's suicidal behavior, which could undermine parents' effort to implement these strategies. The relationship between parental self-efficacy and youth suicide-related outcomes points to its potential value in guiding clinical decision making and interventions.
本研究调查了寻求急诊部 (ED) 服务的青少年及其父母，考察了父母参与预防自杀活动的自我效能信念，这些信念是否因青少年的特征而异，以及它们与青少年自杀相关结果的关联程度。参与者包括 162 名年龄在 13-17 岁的青少年及其父母。在就诊时，父母评估了他们参与预防自杀活动的自我效能感以及对孩子未来自杀风险的期望。4 个月后评估青少年因自杀相关问题就诊和自杀企图的情况。父母对参与大多数自杀预防活动的自我效能感很高。与此同时，他们对自己在孩子有自杀念头时能够保证孩子安全以及孩子未来不会自杀的能力存在相当大的怀疑。如果孩子有自杀相关的后续结果，父母的自我效能感会显著降低，他们认为自己能够识别自杀预警信号、让孩子承诺不再自杀、鼓励孩子应对困难的能力，以及对孩子不会自杀的信心。尽管父母对大多数预防自杀活动的自我效能感很高，但高风险青少年的父母对自己影响孩子自杀行为的能力的信心较低，这可能会削弱父母实施这些策略的努力。父母的自我效能感与青少年自杀相关结果之间的关系表明，它可能具有指导临床决策和干预的价值。
