Manini Ilaria, Trombetta Claudia Maria, Lazzeri Giacomo, Pozzi Teresa, Rossi Stefania, Montomoli Emanuele
Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
VisMederi S.r.l., Strada del Petriccio e Belriguardo 35, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2017 Jul 18;5(3):18. doi: 10.3390/vaccines5030018.
Vaccination remains the principal way to control seasonal infections and is the most effective method of reducing influenza-associated morbidity and mortality. Since the 1940s, the main method of producing influenza vaccines has been an egg-based production process. However, in the event of a pandemic, this method has a significant limitation, as the time lag from strain isolation to final dose formulation and validation is six months. Indeed, production in eggs is a relatively slow process and production yields are both unpredictable and highly variable from strain to strain. In particular, if the next influenza pandemic were to arise from an avian influenza virus, and thus reduce the egg-laying hen population, there would be a shortage of embryonated eggs available for vaccine manufacturing. Although the production of egg-derived vaccines will continue, new technological developments have generated a cell-culture-based influenza vaccine and other more recent platforms, such as synthetic influenza vaccines.
接种疫苗仍然是控制季节性感染的主要方式，也是降低流感相关发病率和死亡率的最有效方法。自20世纪40年代以来，生产流感疫苗的主要方法一直是基于鸡蛋的生产工艺。然而，在大流行情况下，这种方法存在重大局限性，因为从毒株分离到最终剂量配方和验证的时间间隔为六个月。事实上，鸡蛋生产是一个相对缓慢的过程，产量既不可预测，而且不同毒株之间差异很大。特别是，如果下一次流感大流行源于禽流感病毒，从而导致产蛋母鸡数量减少，那么用于疫苗生产的受精鸡蛋将会短缺。虽然基于鸡蛋的疫苗生产仍将继续，但新技术的发展已产生了基于细胞培养的流感疫苗以及其他更新的平台，如合成流感疫苗。
