Department of Education and Training, Rogaland County Council , Stavanger , Norway.
Stavanger University Hospital, TIPS - Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis , Stavanger , Norway.
J Ment Health. 2019 Oct;28(5):467-474. doi: 10.1080/09638237.2017.1340630. Epub 2017 Jul 18.
While the onset of many mental health problems occurs in adolescence, these problems are severely undertreated in this age group. To inform early intervention for adolescents, we investigated the effect of gender and education type on perception of barriers to help seeking, mental health literacy, and the awareness and use of mental health services. A web-based survey using vignettes, open-ended and multiple choice items was administered to upper secondary school students in two counties in Norway. The survey was completed by 1249 students (88% response rate) with an average age of 17.6 years and 56% were female. Compared to males, the females were better in identifying psychological problems of anxiety and trauma, awareness of mental health services ( < 0.001) and perceived more barriers for seeking help (cost and waiting time; < 0.001). For use of all mental health services, the effect of education type was greater than the effect of gender. For adolescents, gender appears to play a significant, but not exclusive, role in the inclination to seek professional help for mental health problems. We hypothesise that the observed gender difference in use of services is related to the gender difference in awareness of referral pathway services and the influence of parents in help-seeking process.
虽然许多心理健康问题都在青春期开始出现，但在这个年龄段，这些问题的治疗严重不足。为了为青少年提供早期干预，我们研究了性别和教育类型对寻求帮助障碍的认知、心理健康素养以及对心理健康服务的认识和使用的影响。我们对挪威两个县的高中生进行了一项基于网络的调查，使用情景模拟、开放式和多项选择项目。共有 1249 名学生（88%的回复率）完成了调查，平均年龄为 17.6 岁，其中 56%是女性。与男性相比，女性在识别焦虑和创伤等心理问题、对心理健康服务的认识（<0.001）以及感知寻求帮助的更多障碍（费用和等待时间；<0.001）方面表现更好。对于所有心理健康服务的使用，教育类型的影响大于性别的影响。对于青少年来说，性别似乎在寻求专业帮助解决心理健康问题的倾向方面起着重要但不是唯一的作用。我们假设观察到的服务使用中的性别差异与对转介途径服务的认识中的性别差异以及父母在寻求帮助过程中的影响有关。
