春季的日照影响双相I型障碍的发病年龄。
Solar insolation in springtime influences age of onset of bipolar I disorder.
作者信息
Bauer M, Glenn T, Alda M, Aleksandrovich M A, Andreassen O A, Angelopoulos E, Ardau R, Ayhan Y, Baethge C, Bharathram S R, Bauer R, Baune B T, Becerra-Palars C, Bellivier F, Belmaker R H, Berk M, Bersudsky Y, Bicakci Ş, Birabwa-Oketcho H, Bjella T D, Bossini L, Cabrera J, Cheung E Y W, Del Zompo M, Dodd S, Donix M, Etain B, Fagiolini A, Fountoulakis K N, Frye M A, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Gottlieb J F, Grof P, Harima H, Henry C, Isometsä E T, Janno S, Kapczinski F, Kardell M, Khaldi S, Kliwicki S, König B, Kot T L, Krogh R, Kunz M, Lafer B, Landén M, Larsen E R, Lewitzka U, Licht R W, Lopez-Jaramillo C, MacQueen G, Manchia M, Marsh W, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa M, Melle I, Meza-Urzúa F, Yee Ming M, Monteith S, Morken G, Mosca E, Munoz R, Mythri S V, Nacef F, Nadella R K, Nery F G, Nielsen R E, O'Donovan C, Omrani A, Osher Y, Østermark Sørensen H, Ouali U, Pica Ruiz Y, Pilhatsch M, Pinna M, da Ponte F D R, Quiroz D, Ramesar R, Rasgon N, Reddy M S, Reif A, Ritter P, Rybakowski J K, Sagduyu K, Scippa  M, Severus E, Simhandl C, Stein D J, Strejilevich S, Subramaniam M, Sulaiman A H, Suominen K, Tagata H, Tatebayashi Y, Tondo L, Torrent C, Vaaler A E, Veeh J, Vieta E, Viswanath B, Yoldi-Negrete M, Zetin M, Zgueb Y, Whybrow P C
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
ChronoRecord Association, Fullerton, CA, USA.
出版信息
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2017 Dec;136(6):571-582. doi: 10.1111/acps.12772. Epub 2017 Jul 19.
OBJECTIVE
To confirm prior findings that the larger the maximum monthly increase in solar insolation in springtime, the younger the age of onset of bipolar disorder.
METHOD
Data were collected from 5536 patients at 50 sites in 32 countries on six continents. Onset occurred at 456 locations in 57 countries. Variables included solar insolation, birth-cohort, family history, polarity of first episode and country physician density.
RESULTS
There was a significant, inverse association between the maximum monthly increase in solar insolation at the onset location, and the age of onset. This effect was reduced in those without a family history of mood disorders and with a first episode of mania rather than depression. The maximum monthly increase occurred in springtime. The youngest birth-cohort had the youngest age of onset. All prior relationships were confirmed using both the entire sample, and only the youngest birth-cohort (all estimated coefficients P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
A large increase in springtime solar insolation may impact the onset of bipolar disorder, especially with a family history of mood disorders. Recent societal changes that affect light exposure (LED lighting, mobile devices backlit with LEDs) may influence adaptability to a springtime circadian challenge.
目的
证实先前的研究结果，即春季日照每月最大增幅越大，双相情感障碍的发病年龄越小。
方法
从六大洲32个国家50个地点的5536名患者中收集数据。发病发生在57个国家的456个地点。变量包括日照、出生队列、家族史、首发极性和国家医生密度。
结果
发病地点日照每月最大增幅与发病年龄之间存在显著的负相关。在没有情绪障碍家族史且首发为躁狂而非抑郁的患者中，这种效应有所减弱。每月最大增幅出现在春季。最年轻的出生队列发病年龄最小。使用整个样本以及仅最年轻的出生队列（所有估计系数P < 0.001）均证实了所有先前的关系。
结论
春季日照大幅增加可能会影响双相情感障碍的发病，尤其是在有情绪障碍家族史的情况下。近期影响光照暴露的社会变化（LED照明、带LED背光的移动设备）可能会影响对春季昼夜节律挑战的适应性。
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