The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, 570 S. Preston St., Donald Baxter Bldg., Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, 570 S. Preston St., Donald Baxter Bldg., Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2017 Aug;47:17-25. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.06.009. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
Development of non-infectious subunit vaccines is hampered by a slow pipeline of new adjuvants to replace or enhance alum in part because expectations of safety are high. Transient vaccine side effects are not clinical priorities because they cause no lasting harm and vaccine development has appropriately been focused on avoidance of serious adverse events. As a result, surprisingly little is known about the extent to which side effects caused by a vaccine's reactogencicity are predictive of successful immunization outcomes. Recent clinical studies of pertussis and human papillomavirus vaccines adjuvanted with alum or the TLR4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A can be used to advance understanding of the relationship between vaccine side effects and immunization outcomes.
非传染性亚单位疫苗的开发受到新佐剂的缓慢发展的阻碍，这些佐剂需要替代或增强明矾的作用，部分原因是安全性的期望很高。疫苗的短暂副作用并不是临床重点，因为它们不会造成持久的伤害，而且疫苗的开发已经适当侧重于避免严重的不良事件。因此，令人惊讶的是，人们对疫苗的反应原性引起的副作用在多大程度上可以预测免疫成功的结果知之甚少。最近对含有明矾或 TLR4 激动剂单磷酰脂质 A 的百日咳和人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的临床研究可以用来加深对疫苗副作用与免疫结果之间关系的理解。
