Jiang X D, Shen C, Li K, Ji Y T, Li S H, Jiang F, Shen X M, Li F, Hu Y
Department of Primary Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China.
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2017 Jul 2;55(7):509-513. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2017.07.008.
To investigate the impact of allergic airway diseases on the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in school-age children. Used stratified cluster sampling method, school-age children in first to sixth grade in primary schools in 9 randomly selected cities including Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xi'an, and Wuhan were enrolled in the study. Interview of parents with questionnaires, which included school-age individual and family social environment questionnaire (including history of diagnosed ADHD, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma) and Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), were finished and collected during November to December in 2005.Diagnosed allergic rhinitis and asthma by specialist were independent variables and divided into following three categories as no allergic diseases (neither allergic rhinitis nor asthma), single allergic disease (allergic rhinitis or asthma), and combined allergic diseases (allergic rhinitis and asthma). Diagnosed ADHD as dependent variable, binary logistic regress model was used to analyze the risks of ADHD in school-age children. Totally 23 791 questionnaires were handed out, while 22 018 were collected. The children had an average age of (8.8±1.8) years, within which 10 869 were male, and 11 021 were female. The risk ratios of ADHD were 2.197 (95% 1.823-2.648) and 3.150 (95% 2.082-4.760) in children with single allergic disease and combined allergic diseases separately. There was no significant difference after adjusting for the factor of sleep habits, as the risk ratios were 2.055 (95%: 1.683-2.508) and 3.140 (95% 2.061-4.784) in children with single and combined allergic airway disease separately. Allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma increased the risk of ADHD, not depending on sleep habits. Hence, allergic airway diseases could be independent risk factors of ADHD.
为研究过敏性气道疾病对学龄儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）风险的影响。采用分层整群抽样方法，选取了包括上海、广州、西安和武汉在内的9个随机城市的小学一至六年级学龄儿童纳入研究。于2005年11月至12月期间，通过问卷调查对家长进行访谈，问卷包括学龄儿童个体及家庭社会环境问卷（包括ADHD、过敏性鼻炎和支气管哮喘诊断史）和儿童睡眠习惯问卷（CSHQ），并完成问卷收集。由专科医生诊断的过敏性鼻炎和哮喘作为自变量，分为以下三类：无过敏性疾病（既无过敏性鼻炎也无哮喘）、单一过敏性疾病（过敏性鼻炎或哮喘）和合并过敏性疾病（过敏性鼻炎和哮喘）。将诊断的ADHD作为因变量，采用二元逻辑回归模型分析学龄儿童患ADHD的风险。共发放问卷23791份，回收22018份。儿童平均年龄为（8.8±1.8）岁，其中男性10869名，女性11021名。单一过敏性疾病和合并过敏性疾病儿童患ADHD的风险比分别为2.197（95%：1.823 - 2.648）和3.150（95%：2.082 - 4.760）。调整睡眠习惯因素后无显著差异，单一和合并过敏性气道疾病儿童的风险比分别为2.055（95%：1.683 - 2.508）和3.140（95%：2.061 - 4.784）。过敏性鼻炎和支气管哮喘增加了ADHD的风险，且不依赖于睡眠习惯。因此，过敏性气道疾病可能是ADHD的独立危险因素。
