Lin Nannan, Yang Rongwang, Gao Weijia
Department of Child Psychology, Childrens Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Child Psychology, Childrens Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Zhejiang, China.
Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2025 Mar 17;35(1):69-80. doi: 10.5152/pcp.2025.24918. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests in early childhood and often affects children's daily life and academic performance, impairing their psychological development and potentially influencing their personality. The concurrent yearly increase in the incidence of allergic diseases and ADHD among children has prompted researchers to explore the association between these 2 health issues. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common allergic diseases and is characterized by chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa. The prevalence of AR increases from infancy through adolescence and then decreases with further aging. The relationship between ADHD and AR has garnered significant attention from researchers recently, although it remains a topic of debate. Numerous studies have suggested a correlation, while some have reported conflicting results. Furthermore, the precise mechanisms underlying their coexistence have not been fully elucidated. This review summarizes the literature on ADHD and AR both domestically and internationally. It highlights their interrelationship and potential comorbid mechanisms, thereby providing new perspectives on the pathogenesis of ADHD and informing long-term treatment and management strategies.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种慢性神经发育障碍，在儿童早期出现，常影响儿童的日常生活和学业成绩，损害其心理发展，并可能影响其性格。儿童中过敏性疾病和ADHD的发病率逐年同时上升，促使研究人员探索这两种健康问题之间的关联。变应性鼻炎（AR）是最常见的过敏性疾病之一，其特征是鼻黏膜慢性炎症。AR的患病率从婴儿期到青春期逐渐增加，然后随着年龄进一步增长而下降。ADHD与AR之间的关系最近引起了研究人员的极大关注，尽管它仍然是一个有争议的话题。许多研究表明存在相关性，而一些研究则报告了相互矛盾的结果。此外，它们共存的精确机制尚未完全阐明。本综述总结了国内外关于ADHD和AR的文献。它强调了它们的相互关系和潜在的共病机制，从而为ADHD的发病机制提供了新的视角，并为长期治疗和管理策略提供参考。
