Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric & Child Primary Care Department, Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Primary Child Health Care, Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2018 Jun;29(4):402-409. doi: 10.1111/pai.12888. Epub 2018 Apr 15.
The relationship between food allergy and respiratory allergy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children is rarely investigated. The objective of this study was to determine whether early food allergy and respiratory allergy symptoms are associated with the prevalence of ADHD in Chinese school-age children.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in school-age children using cluster-stratified methods from 9 cities across China between November and December 2005. A family and social environmental questionnaire including the diagnosis history of ADHD and allergic diseases (food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma), as well as general information, was completed by parents.
The prevalence of both allergic rhinitis (20.4%) and asthma (11.6%) in the food allergy group was significantly higher than in the non-food allergy group (9.0% and 2.8%, respectively; both P < .001). The multivariable analysis showed that single food allergy (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.13-2.05, P = .005), food allergy complicated with allergic rhinitis or asthma (OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 2.19-5.14, P < .001), and food allergy complicated with allergic rhinitis and asthma simultaneously (OR = 4.08, 95% CI: 2.05-8.11, P < .001) were independently associated with the increased risk of ADHD.
Early food allergy is associated with ADHD in school-age children. Early food allergy and respiratory allergy symptoms independently and synergistically contributed to higher risk of ADHD. Monitoring food allergy in early life could help in the early prediction and intervention for the consequent allergy march and ADHD in children.
儿童食物过敏与呼吸道过敏和注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）之间的关系很少被研究。本研究的目的是确定儿童早期食物过敏和呼吸道过敏症状是否与 ADHD 的流行有关。
本横断面研究采用中国 9 个城市的分层整群抽样方法，于 2005 年 11 月至 12 月期间对学龄儿童进行。采用家庭和社会环境问卷，由家长完成，内容包括 ADHD 和过敏性疾病（食物过敏、过敏性鼻炎和支气管哮喘）的诊断史以及一般信息。
食物过敏组的过敏性鼻炎（20.4%）和哮喘（11.6%）的患病率明显高于非食物过敏组（分别为 9.0%和 2.8%；均 P <.001）。多变量分析显示，单一食物过敏（OR=1.53，95%CI：1.13-2.05，P=.005）、食物过敏合并过敏性鼻炎或哮喘（OR=3.36，95%CI：2.19-5.14，P <.001）以及食物过敏合并过敏性鼻炎和哮喘同时存在（OR=4.08，95%CI：2.05-8.11，P <.001）与 ADHD 风险增加独立相关。
儿童早期食物过敏与 ADHD 有关。儿童早期食物过敏和呼吸道过敏症状独立且协同地增加了患 ADHD 的风险。监测生命早期的食物过敏可能有助于对随后的过敏进展和儿童 ADHD 进行早期预测和干预。
