Smoking Cessation and Addictive Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
Smoking Cessation and Addictive Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
Addict Behav. 2017 Dec;75:152-158. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.07.022. Epub 2017 Jul 14.
Relapse is a common factor within the behavior change process. However, there is scarce and limited knowledge of smoking relapse situations in population-based samples. The aim of this study was to identify smoking relapse situations among a sample of Spanish relapsers from the general population.
A sample of 775 relapsers was recruited among the general population using a snowball method. Participants completed a survey including sociodemographic, smoking-related and psychopathology variables. Smoking relapse situations were identified through specific questions assessing different aspects related to the last relapse episode.
The majority of smoking relapse situations were attributed to positive affect (36.6%) and negative affect (34.3%), followed by lack of control (10.1%), smoking habit (6.7%), craving or nicotine withdrawal (6.3%), and social pressure (5.9%). Being unemployed and having a mental disorder in the past increased the likelihood of relapse in situations of negative affect. Being single and having quit smoking to save money were associated with an increased likelihood of relapse in situations of positive affect.
Affect plays a significant role in smoking relapse among a community sample of unassisted Spanish smokers. Relapse may be much more of an affective and situational process than a habit, physiological or social pressure. Findings from this study may help develop tailored community smoking relapse prevention strategies or programs.
复发是行为改变过程中的一个常见因素。然而，基于人群的样本中对吸烟复发情况的了解甚少且有限。本研究的目的是在一般人群的西班牙复发者样本中确定吸烟复发情况。
采用雪球法在一般人群中招募了 775 名复发者作为样本。参与者完成了一项调查，其中包括社会人口统计学、与吸烟相关的和精神病理学变量。吸烟复发情况通过评估与最后一次复发事件相关的不同方面的具体问题来确定。
大多数吸烟复发情况归因于积极情绪（36.6%）和消极情绪（34.3%），其次是缺乏控制（10.1%）、吸烟习惯（6.7%）、渴望或尼古丁戒断（6.3%）和社会压力（5.9%）。失业和过去有精神障碍会增加消极情绪下复发的可能性。单身和为省钱而戒烟与积极情绪下复发的可能性增加有关。
在未接受帮助的西班牙吸烟者的社区样本中，情绪在吸烟复吸中起着重要作用。复发可能更多的是一种情感和情境过程，而不是习惯、生理或社会压力。本研究的结果可能有助于制定针对特定人群的社区吸烟复发预防策略或计划。
