Nozzle-jet printed flexible field-effect transistor biosensor for high performance glucose detection.

Printable electronics is a subject of great interest for low-cost, facile and environmentally-friendly large scale device production. But, it still remains challenging for printable biosensor development. Herein, we present the fabrication of nozzle-jet printed flexible field-effect transistor (FET) glucose biosensor. The silver source-drain electrodes and ZnO seed layers were printed on flexible substrate by nozzle-jet printer followed by ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) synthesis and glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilization. Utilization of nozzle-jet printing methods resulted in highly reproducible electrodes with well-defined vertical grown ZnO NRs for high GOx loading and enhanced glucose sensing performance in a wide glucose detection range. The stability, anti-interference ability, reproducibility, reusability, and applicability in human serum samples were also assessed. Overall, biosensor fabrication using nozzle-jet printer will not only provide large scale production of highly reproducible electrodes but also reduce the fabrication cost. Additionally, printed electrodes can be modified accordingly for different analyte detection.