School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea.
Arch Pharm Res. 2017 Aug;40(8):885-893. doi: 10.1007/s12272-017-0933-y. Epub 2017 Jul 22.
Pneumonia is an inflammatory disease of the lung, responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other microorganisms. Streptococcus pneumoniae, a gram-positive bacterium with over 90 serotypes, is the most common causative agent. Moreover, comorbid factors including heart failure, renal disease, and pulmonary disease could increase the risk of pneumococcal pneumonia. Since the advent of the pneumococcal vaccine in the 1980s, the incidence of pneumonia has decreased significantly. However, current vaccines confer only limited protection against serotypes included in the vaccine. Thus, to overcome this limitation, new types of pneumococcal vaccines have been sought and under clinical trials. In this review, we discuss pneumonia and summarize the various types of pneumococcal vaccines in progress.
肺炎是一种肺部炎症性疾病，在全球范围内发病率和死亡率都很高。它是由细菌、病毒、真菌或其他微生物引起的。肺炎链球菌是一种革兰氏阳性菌，有超过 90 种血清型，是最常见的病原体。此外，心力衰竭、肾脏疾病和肺部疾病等合并症因素会增加肺炎球菌性肺炎的风险。自 20 世纪 80 年代肺炎球菌疫苗问世以来，肺炎的发病率显著下降。然而，目前的疫苗对疫苗中包含的血清型的保护作用有限。因此，为了克服这一局限性，人们一直在寻求和临床试验新的肺炎球菌疫苗。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了肺炎，并总结了正在研究的各种类型的肺炎球菌疫苗。
