Pius-Sadowska Ewa, Machaliński Bogusław
Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2017 Sep;110:54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.07.007. Epub 2017 Jul 21.
Neurotrophins (NTs) were first identified as target-derived survival factors for neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system (PNS). They are known to control neural cell fate, development and function. Independently of their neuronal properties, NTs exert unique cardiovascular activity. The heart is innervated by sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons, which require NTs during early development and in the establishment of mature properties, contributing to the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. The identification of molecular mechanisms regulated by NTs and involved in the crosstalk between cardiac sympathetic nerves, cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts, and vascular cells, has a fundamental importance in both normal heart function and disease. The article aims to review the recent data on the effects of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) on various cardiovascular neuronal and non-neuronal functions such as the modulation of synaptic properties of autonomic neurons, axonal outgrowth and sprouting, formation of the vascular and neural networks, smooth muscle migration, and control of endothelial cell survival and cardiomyocytes. Understanding these mechanisms may be crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies, including stem cell-based therapies.
神经营养因子（NTs）最初被鉴定为中枢和外周神经系统（PNS）神经元的靶源性存活因子。已知它们可控制神经细胞的命运、发育和功能。神经营养因子独立于其神经元特性，具有独特的心血管活性。心脏由感觉神经元、交感神经元和副交感神经元支配，这些神经元在早期发育以及成熟特性的建立过程中需要神经营养因子，有助于维持心血管稳态。鉴定受神经营养因子调节并参与心脏交感神经、心肌细胞、心脏成纤维细胞和血管细胞之间相互作用的分子机制，对于正常心脏功能和疾病都具有根本重要性。本文旨在综述有关脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）对各种心血管神经元和非神经元功能影响的最新数据，这些功能包括自主神经元突触特性的调节、轴突生长和发芽、血管和神经网络的形成、平滑肌迁移以及内皮细胞存活和心肌细胞的控制。了解这些机制对于开发新的治疗策略，包括基于干细胞的疗法可能至关重要。
