Verdaguer Helena, Saurí Tamara, Macarulla Teresa
Vall d'Hebrón University Hospital (HUVH) and Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.
J Gastrointest Oncol. 2017 Jun;8(3):405-417. doi: 10.21037/jgo.2016.11.15.
Biomarkers play an important role in the detection and management of cancer patients. In gastrointestinal cancer, there is increasing interest in their development and validation according to specific tumor type. Prognostic biomarkers enable identification of patients with a more aggressive tumor evolution, while predictive biomarkers permit the identification of patients with a higher probability of responding or not to a specific treatment. Several biomarkers are currently widely employed in gastrointestinal cancers. These include rat sarcoma-2 virus () which is used to identify colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who will not respond to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents, while in gastric cancer, anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy has been shown to only be active in HER2-positive patients. In pancreatic cancer, is a tool used to differentiate patients who are likely to respond to platinum-based combination therapies and to benefit from poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. This review provides an update of the main biomarkers currently used in colorectal, gastric and pancreatic cancers, and reviews those that are being developed.
生物标志物在癌症患者的检测和管理中发挥着重要作用。在胃肠道癌中，根据特定肿瘤类型对其进行开发和验证的关注度日益增加。预后生物标志物能够识别肿瘤进展更为侵袭性的患者，而预测性生物标志物则有助于识别对特定治疗有较高反应或无反应可能性的患者。目前，有几种生物标志物在胃肠道癌中广泛应用。其中包括鼠肉瘤病毒2（），它用于识别对抗表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）药物无反应的结直肠癌（CRC）患者；而在胃癌中，抗人表皮生长因子受体2（HER2）疗法仅在HER2阳性患者中有效。在胰腺癌中，是一种用于区分可能对铂类联合疗法有反应并能从聚（ADP - 核糖）聚合酶（PARP）抑制剂中获益的患者的工具。本综述提供了目前在结直肠癌、胃癌和胰腺癌中使用的主要生物标志物的最新信息，并对正在开发的生物标志物进行了综述。
