Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Am J Transplant. 2018 Jan;18(1):23-29. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14443. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
The health of mammals is a reflection of the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiota. Alterations in the composition and functions of the intestinal microbiota have been implicated in multiple disease processes. The impact of the microbiota in health and disease is in part a function of the nutrient processing and release of metabolites. Recent studies have uncovered a major role for microbial metabolites in the function of the host immune system by which they influence disease processes such as acute graft versus host disease (GVHD), which is the main complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The mechanisms of acute GVHD regulation by the complex microbial community and the metabolites released by them are unclear. In this review we summarize major findings of how microbial metabolites interact with the immune system and discuss how these interactions could impact acute GVHD.
哺乳动物的健康反映了肠道微生物群落的多样性和组成。肠道微生物群落的组成和功能的改变与多种疾病过程有关。微生物在健康和疾病中的影响部分是由于营养物质的处理和代谢物的释放。最近的研究发现，微生物代谢物在宿主免疫系统的功能中起着重要作用，通过它们影响疾病过程，如急性移植物抗宿主病（GVHD），这是异基因造血细胞移植（allo-HCT）的主要并发症。复杂的微生物群落和它们释放的代谢物调节急性 GVHD 的机制尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们总结了微生物代谢物与免疫系统相互作用的主要发现，并讨论了这些相互作用如何影响急性 GVHD。
