Grup de Recerca en Victimització Infantil i Adolescent (GReVIA); Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
Grup de Recerca en Victimització Infantil i Adolescent (GReVIA); Departament de Psicologia Social i Psicologia Quantitativa, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències (IR3C).
Child Abuse Negl. 2017 Oct;72:22-31. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.07.004. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
Victimization has been widely demonstrated to have negative consequences in minors. Most crimes against children go unreported and victims tend to reach adulthood without receiving any of the available specialized support. Studies have highlighted the unique role of school workers in early detection and reporting of possible cases of victimization, and have also found high rates of underreporting by school staff. The present study analyzes the underreporting of child and youth victimization suspicions among school staff and aims to identify variables related to its detection and reporting. One hundred and eighty-four school staff members (83.7% females, M=42.6years old, SD=11.7) from 17 different schools completed a self-administered questionnaire designed to record their knowledge and experience regarding the detection and reporting of potential victimization cases. Over 74% of the school workers had suspected at least one situation of victimization during their careers, but only 27% had actually reported these concerns. Higher rates of reporting were significantly associated with male gender, more years of experience, and awareness of five common misconceptions. Reporting behavior could be predicted by gender, years of experience and two statements assessing respondents' knowledge of victimization. In order to increase early reporting of possible cases of victimization, it is necessary to overcome certain misconceptions, raise awareness among school staff, design new training programs or interventions, and adapt the school dynamics in the light of these findings.
受害已被广泛证明会给未成年人带来负面影响。大多数针对儿童的犯罪都未被报告，受害者往往在成年后也无法获得任何可用的专门支持。研究强调了学校工作人员在早期发现和报告可能的受害案件方面的独特作用，同时也发现学校工作人员的报告率很低。本研究分析了学校工作人员对儿童和青少年受害嫌疑的漏报情况，并旨在确定与检测和报告相关的变量。来自 17 所不同学校的 184 名学校工作人员（女性占 83.7%，M=42.6 岁，SD=11.7）完成了一份自我管理的问卷，旨在记录他们在检测和报告潜在受害案件方面的知识和经验。超过 74%的学校工作人员在职业生涯中至少怀疑过一次受害情况，但只有 27%的人实际报告了这些问题。更高的报告率与男性性别、更多的工作年限和对五个常见误解的认识显著相关。报告行为可以通过性别、工作年限和两个评估受访者对受害知识的陈述来预测。为了增加对可能的受害案件的早期报告，有必要克服某些误解，提高学校工作人员的认识，设计新的培训计划或干预措施，并根据这些发现调整学校的动态。
