University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
Università degli Studi di Trieste, Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Trieste, Italy.
N Biotechnol. 2018 Jan 25;40(Pt A):154-169. doi: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.07.005. Epub 2017 Jul 22.
The unique selectivity of enzymes, along with their remarkable catalytic activity, constitute powerful tools for transforming renewable feedstock and also for adding value to an array of building blocks and monomers produced by the emerging bio-based chemistry sector. Although some relevant biotransformations run at the ton scale demonstrate the success of biocatalysis in industry, there is still a huge untapped potential of catalytic activities available for targeted valorization of new raw materials, such as waste streams and CO. For decades, the needs of the pharmaceutical and fine chemistry sectors have driven scientific research in the field of biocatalysis. Nowadays, such consolidated advances have the potential to translate into effective innovation for the benefit of bio-based chemistry. However, the new scenario of bioeconomy requires a stringent integration between scientific advances and economics, and environmental as well as technological constraints. Computational methods and tools for effective big-data analysis are expected to boost the use of enzymes for the transformation of a new array of renewable feedstock and, ultimately, to enlarge the scope of biocatalysis.
酶的独特选择性和显著的催化活性，使其成为转化可再生原料的有力工具，也为新兴生物基化学领域所生产的一系列构建块和单体增加了价值。尽管一些相关的生物转化已经达到了吨级规模，证明了生物催化在工业中的成功，但对于有针对性地利用新原料（如废物和 CO）的催化活性，仍有巨大的潜力尚未开发。几十年来，制药和精细化工领域的需求推动了生物催化领域的科学研究。如今，这些巩固的进展有可能转化为生物基化学领域的有效创新。然而，新的生物经济格局需要在科学进步、经济以及环境和技术限制之间进行严格的整合。用于有效大数据分析的计算方法和工具有望促进酶在转化一系列新的可再生原料中的应用，并最终扩大生物催化的范围。
