Erséus Christer, Envall Ida, De Wit Pierre, Gustavsson Lena M
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2017 Oct;115:115-127. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.016. Epub 2017 Jul 22.
The phylogenetic relationships within Naidinae (Annelida, Clitellata, Naididae) were investigated, using six molecular markers, both mitochondrial (12S rDNA, 16S rDNA, the COI gene) and nuclear (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, the ITS region). Thirty-seven nominal species, representing 16 of the 22 genera recognized in the subfamily, were included, and the Nais communis/variabilis species complex was represented by six different morphotypes. Ten other species of Naididae were selected as outgroups. The data were analysed by Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood. The phylogeny corroborates monophyly of the Naidinae, and the separate status of the genus Pristina (Pristininae) and the Opistocystinae. Relationships within Naidinae are largely well supported, but in some parts unexpected: (1) A clade containing the largely tropical genera Dero and Branchiodrilus is sister to the rest of the subfamily, and together with a third tropical genus, Allonais, they form a basal paraphyly. All these genera show morphological adaptations to environmental hypoxia, leading to the conclusion that Naidinae originated in tropical freshwaters. (2) The genera Dero, Nais and Piguetiella are paraphyletic. (3) At least Branchiodrilus, Paranais, Chaetogaster, Nais, Stylaria appear to contain cryptic species. Morphological characters, especially those associated with chaetae, are to a great extent homoplastic within Naidinae, which certainly has contributed to the overall taxonomic confusion of this subfamily.
利用六个分子标记，包括线粒体标记（12S rDNA、16S rDNA、COI基因）和核标记（18S rDNA、28S rDNA、ITS区域），对仙女虫亚科（环节动物门，寡毛纲，仙女虫科）内部的系统发育关系进行了研究。研究纳入了37个命名物种，代表了该亚科22个公认属中的16个属，并且普通仙女虫/变异仙女虫物种复合体由六种不同形态型代表。另外选择了仙女虫科的其他10个物种作为外类群。数据通过贝叶斯推断和最大似然法进行分析。系统发育关系证实了仙女虫亚科的单系性，以及普里斯蒂娜属（普里斯蒂娜亚科）和后囊管虫亚科的独立地位。仙女虫亚科内部的关系在很大程度上得到了有力支持，但在某些部分却出乎意料：（1）一个包含主要分布于热带的德罗仙女虫属和鳃蛭属的分支是亚科其他部分的姐妹分支，并且与第三个热带属异尾鳃蚓属一起，它们构成了一个基部并系群。所有这些属都表现出对环境低氧的形态适应，由此得出结论，仙女虫亚科起源于热带淡水。（2）德罗仙女虫属、仙女虫属和皮氏仙女虫属是并系的。（3）至少鳃蛭属、副仙女虫属、毛腹虫属、仙女虫属、苏氏尾鳃蚓属似乎包含隐存种。形态特征，尤其是那些与刚毛相关的特征，在仙女虫亚科内很大程度上是同源的，这无疑加剧了该亚科整体的分类混乱。
