Miller Christi W, Stewart Erin K, Wu Yu-Hsiang, Bishop Christopher, Bentler Ruth A, Tremblay Kelly
Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle.
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Aug 16;60(8):2310-2320. doi: 10.1044/2017_JSLHR-H-16-0284.
This study evaluated the relationship between working memory (WM) and speech recognition in noise with different noise types as well as in the presence of visual cues.
Seventy-six adults with bilateral, mild to moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss (mean age: 69 years) participated. Using a cross-sectional design, 2 measures of WM were taken: a reading span measure, and Word Auditory Recognition and Recall Measure (Smith, Pichora-Fuller, & Alexander, 2016). Speech recognition was measured with the Multi-Modal Lexical Sentence Test for Adults (Kirk et al., 2012) in steady-state noise and 4-talker babble, with and without visual cues. Testing was under unaided conditions.
A linear mixed model revealed visual cues and pure-tone average as the only significant predictors of Multi-Modal Lexical Sentence Test outcomes. Neither WM measure nor noise type showed a significant effect.
The contribution of WM in explaining unaided speech recognition in noise was negligible and not influenced by noise type or visual cues. We anticipate that with audibility partially restored by hearing aids, the effects of WM will increase. For clinical practice to be affected, more significant effect sizes are needed.
本研究评估了工作记忆（WM）与不同噪声类型以及存在视觉线索时噪声中的言语识别之间的关系。
76名双侧轻度至中度重度感音神经性听力损失的成年人（平均年龄：69岁）参与了研究。采用横断面设计，对WM进行了两项测量：阅读广度测量以及单词听觉识别与回忆测量（史密斯、皮乔拉 - 富勒和亚历山大，2016年）。使用成人多模态词汇句子测试（柯克等人，2012年）在稳态噪声和4人嘈杂声中测量言语识别，有无视觉线索。测试在未佩戴辅助设备的条件下进行。
线性混合模型显示视觉线索和纯音平均值是多模态词汇句子测试结果的唯一显著预测因素。WM测量和噪声类型均未显示出显著影响。
WM在解释未佩戴辅助设备时噪声中的言语识别方面的贡献可忽略不计，且不受噪声类型或视觉线索的影响。我们预计随着助听器部分恢复可听度，WM的影响将会增加。要影响临床实践，需要更大的效应量。
