Briozzo Leonel
Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic A, Pereira Rossell Hospital, School of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016 Aug;134(S1):S3-S6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2016.06.003.
To describe public policies, social actions, particularly those of obstetricians/gynecologists, and changes in abortion-related legislation in the different historical periods between 1990 and 2015, and to analyze temporal correlations with a reduction in maternal mortality.
The 1990-2015 period was divided into three different stages to permit evaluation of the legislation, health regulations, healthcare system, and professional practices related to the care provided in cases of unsafe abortion: 1990-2001, characterized by illegality and the healthcare system's denial of abortion; 2001-2012, when the model for reducing the risk and harm of unsafe abortions was developed; and 2012-2015, when abortion was finally decriminalized.
Changes in public policies and expansion of the risk reduction model coincided with changes in the social perception of abortion and a decrease in maternal mortality and abortion rates, probably due to a set of public policies that led to the decriminalization of abortion in 2012.
Changes in public policies and health actions such as the model for reducing the risk and harm of unsafe abortions coincided with a marked reduction in abortion-related maternal mortality. The challenges still to be faced include managing second trimester abortions, ensuring the creation of multidisciplinary teams, and offering postabortion contraception.
描述1990年至2015年不同历史时期的公共政策、社会行动，特别是产科医生/妇科医生的行动，以及与堕胎相关的立法变化，并分析与孕产妇死亡率降低的时间相关性。
1990年至2015年期间分为三个不同阶段，以便评估与不安全堕胎护理相关的立法、卫生法规、医疗保健系统和专业实践：1990年至2001年，其特点是堕胎非法且医疗保健系统拒绝提供堕胎服务；2001年至2012年，制定了降低不安全堕胎风险和危害的模式；2012年至2015年，堕胎最终合法化。
公共政策的变化和降低风险模式的扩展与社会对堕胎观念的变化以及孕产妇死亡率和堕胎率的下降相吻合，这可能归因于一系列导致2012年堕胎合法化的公共政策。
公共政策和卫生行动的变化，如降低不安全堕胎风险和危害的模式，与堕胎相关孕产妇死亡率的显著降低相吻合。仍需面对的挑战包括处理中期堕胎、确保组建多学科团队以及提供堕胎后避孕措施。
