Eid Refaat A
Department of Pathology, Electron Microscopy Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2017 Jul-Aug;28(4):725-736.
Quinalphos or Ekalux, an organophosphate pesticide, is used in controlling the pests of a variety of crops. Quinalphos was studied on male Sprague-Dawley albino rats. The acute po LD50 of technical Ekalux was 19.95 mg/kg in males. Ekalux, produced several pathological changes in the kidney. A glomerulus demonstrated capillary lumina occluded by degenerated cellular debris. Basement membrane showed irregular wrinkling and branching. The proximal tubular cells showed damage such as dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, accumulation of glycogen granules, and pyknotic nucleus. The changes also included swelling of the mitochondria and reduction of the cristae up to total destruction. The distal tubular changes included electron lucency and vacuolation of cytoplasm. The distal convoluted tubule wall showed edematous epithelial cells, formation of blebs, and microvilli loss. These results suggest that subchronic exposure of rats to Ekalux causes ultrastructural changes in renal corpuscle and marked ultrastructural changes in proximal and distal tubules.
喹硫磷（商品名益卡灵）是一种有机磷杀虫剂，用于防治多种农作物的害虫。对雄性斯普拉格-道利白化大鼠进行了喹硫磷的研究。工业用益卡灵对雄性大鼠的急性经口半数致死量为19.95毫克/千克。益卡灵在肾脏产生了多种病理变化。一个肾小球显示毛细血管腔被变性的细胞碎片阻塞。基底膜呈现不规则的褶皱和分支。近端肾小管细胞出现损伤，如内质网扩张、糖原颗粒积聚和核固缩。这些变化还包括线粒体肿胀和嵴减少直至完全破坏。远端肾小管的变化包括细胞质电子透明和空泡化。远曲小管壁显示上皮细胞水肿、形成泡状突起和微绒毛丧失。这些结果表明，大鼠亚慢性接触益卡灵会导致肾小体超微结构改变以及近端和远端肾小管明显的超微结构变化。
