Taffurelli Chiara, Sollami Alfonso, Camera Carmen, Federa Francesca, Grandi Annise, Marino Marcella, Marrosu Tiziano, Sarli Leopoldo
University Teaching Hospital, Parma, Italy.
Acta Biomed. 2017 Jul 18;88(3S):31-36. doi: 10.23750/abm.v88i3-S.6611.
The incidence of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) is an important indicator of the quality of care. The behaviors associated with the prevention of infections are not only supported by rational knowledge or motivation, but are mediated by social, emotional and often stereotyped behaviors. The awarness of the good practices related to HAI, may be a factor. Other studies, identify how the perception of the problem in healthcare professionals is often influenced by a tendency towards an external Locus of Control: the patient, the family, the other wards, other care settings. The aim of this study is to investigate the perception of healthcare professionals. In particular they have been measured their awarness of the good practices, perceptions of the potential contamination level of some commonly used objects, knowledge about the management of invasive devices, Locus of Control.
A cross-sectional correlational design was utilized. An ad hoc questionnaire was interviewed by 222 health professionals nurses and physicians in a northern hospital of Italy.
The percentage of professionals who have attended training courses over the last 5 years was quite high, both for upgrades on HAI (78.7%) and Vascular Catheters (78.8%), while the percentage of professionals who updated on bladder catheterization (59.46%) was lower. The mean score of good practice awareness towards HAI (5.06), is high. The perception of the potential level of contamination of some devices had a mean ranging from 4.62 (for the drip) to 5.26 (for the door handle). The average value of the Locus of Control (43.54) indicates that participants demonstrated a value that is midway between External and Internal. The correlation test analysis revealed no significant relationships among professionals'age, knowledge about HAI, or infection related venus catheter. Also, results revealed that there were statistically significant positive relationships between professionals' Good Practices awareness about HAI , Knowledge, and Locus of Control.
The study findings demonstrated that good practice awareness towards HAI among nurse and physician was good but not completely optimal. Findings revealed that knowledge toward HAI prevention and HAI related device prevention were not completely adequate. The educational courses, according to our correlational findings, should definitely take into account the psycho-social aspects of this phenomenon.
医疗相关感染（HAI）的发生率是护理质量的一项重要指标。与感染预防相关的行为不仅受到理性知识或动机的支持，还受到社会、情感以及通常为刻板行为的影响。对与HAI相关的良好做法的认知可能是一个因素。其他研究表明，医疗专业人员对问题的认知往往受到外部控制点倾向的影响，如患者、家属、其他病房、其他护理环境等。本研究的目的是调查医疗专业人员的认知情况。具体而言，测量了他们对良好做法的认知、对一些常用物品潜在污染水平的认知、关于侵入性设备管理的知识以及控制点。
采用横断面相关设计。在意大利北部一家医院，对222名医护人员（护士和医生）进行了一份专门问卷的调查。
在过去5年中参加过培训课程的专业人员比例相当高，无论是关于HAI的进修（78.7%）还是血管导管方面的进修（78.8%），而关于膀胱插管方面进修的专业人员比例（59.46%）较低。对HAI良好做法的认知平均得分（5.06）较高。对一些设备潜在污染水平的认知平均值在4.62（输液管）至5.26（门把手）之间。控制点的平均值（43.54）表明参与者表现出的数值处于外部和内部之间的中间位置。相关性测试分析显示，专业人员的年龄、关于HAI的知识或与感染相关的静脉导管之间没有显著关系。此外，结果显示，专业人员对HAI的良好做法认知、知识和控制点之间存在统计学上显著的正相关关系。
研究结果表明，护士和医生对HAI的良好做法认知良好但并非完全理想。结果显示，对HAI预防和与HAI相关设备预防的知识并不完全充分。根据我们的相关性研究结果，教育课程肯定应考虑到这一现象的心理社会方面。
