Camus Nicolas, Yakaboylu Enderalp, Fechner Lutz, Klaiber Michael, Laux Martin, Mi Yonghao, Hatsagortsyan Karen Z, Pfeifer Thomas, Keitel Christoph H, Moshammer Robert
Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2017 Jul 14;119(2):023201. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.023201.
The first hundred attoseconds of the electron dynamics during strong field tunneling ionization are investigated. We quantify theoretically how the electron's classical trajectories in the continuum emerge from the tunneling process and test the results with those achieved in parallel from attoclock measurements. An especially high sensitivity on the tunneling barrier is accomplished here by comparing the momentum distributions of two atomic species of slightly deviating atomic potentials (argon and krypton) being ionized under absolutely identical conditions with near-infrared laser pulses (1300 nm). The agreement between experiment and theory provides clear evidence for a nonzero tunneling time delay and a nonvanishing longitudinal momentum of the electron at the "tunnel exit."
研究了强场隧穿电离过程中电子动力学的最初一百阿秒。我们从理论上量化了连续态中电子的经典轨迹是如何从隧穿过程中产生的，并用阿秒时钟测量同时获得的结果对其进行检验。通过比较在绝对相同条件下用近红外激光脉冲（1300纳米）电离的两种原子势略有偏差的原子种类（氩和氪）的动量分布，实现了对隧穿势垒的极高灵敏度。实验与理论之间的一致性为非零隧穿时间延迟以及电子在“隧道出口”处非零纵向动量提供了明确证据。
