INRA, UMR BGPI, Montpellier, France.
Curr Opin Virol. 2017 Oct;26:28-35. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2017.07.010. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
In plants, RNA interference (RNAi)-based antiviral defense is mediated by multigenic families of Dicer-like enzymes generating small interfering (si)RNAs from double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) produced during replication and/or transcription of RNA and DNA viruses, and Argonaute enzymes binding viral siRNAs and targeting viral RNA and DNA for siRNA-directed posttranscriptional and transcriptional silencing. Successful viruses are able to suppress or evade the production or action of viral siRNAs. In antiviral biotech approaches based on RNAi, transgenic expression or non-transgenic delivery of dsRNA cognate to a target virus pre-activates or boosts the natural plant antiviral defenses. Design of more effective antiviral RNAi strategies requires better understanding of viral siRNA biogenesis and viral anti-silencing strategies in virus-infected plants.
在植物中，基于 RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 的抗病毒防御是由多基因家族的 Dicer 样酶介导的，这些酶从 RNA 和 DNA 病毒复制和/或转录过程中产生的双链 RNA (dsRNA) 中生成小干扰 (si)RNA，Argonaute 酶结合病毒 siRNA，并靶向病毒 RNA 和 DNA 进行 siRNA 指导的转录后和转录沉默。成功的病毒能够抑制或逃避病毒 siRNA 的产生或作用。在基于 RNAi 的抗病毒生物技术方法中，与靶病毒同源的 dsRNA 的转基因表达或非转基因递送预先激活或增强了植物的天然抗病毒防御。设计更有效的抗病毒 RNAi 策略需要更好地理解病毒 siRNA 生物发生和病毒感染植物中的抗沉默策略。
