Chung Pak-Kwong, Zhang Chun-Qing, Liu Jing-Dong, Chan Derwin King-Chung, Si Gangyan, Hagger Martin S
Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China.
Institute of Human Performance, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China.
BMC Public Health. 2017 Jul 28;18(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4608-x.
This study examined the effectiveness of a theoretical framework that integrates self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in explaining the use of facemasks to prevent seasonal influenza among Hong Kong older adults.
Data were collected at two time points in the winter in Hong Kong, during which influenza is most prevalent. At Time 1, older adults (N = 141) completed self-report measures of SDT (perceived autonomy support from senior center staff, autonomous motivation for influenza prevention) and TPB (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention for influenza prevention) constructs with respect to facemask used to prevent infection. Two weeks later, at Time 2, participants' acceptance of a facemask to prevent influenza in the presence of an experimenter with flu-like symptoms was recorded.
Path analysis found that perceived autonomy support of senior center staff was positively and significantly linked to autonomous motivation for facemask use, which, in turn, was positively related to intentions to wear facemasks through the mediation of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. However, the effect of intention on facemask use was not significant.
Results generally support the proposed framework and the findings of previous studies with respect to intention, but the non-significant intention-behavior relationship may warrant future research to examine the reasons for older adults not to wear facemasks to prevent seasonal influenza despite having positive intentions to do so.
本研究检验了一个整合自我决定理论（SDT）和计划行为理论（TPB）的理论框架在解释香港老年人使用口罩预防季节性流感方面的有效性。
在香港冬季流感最流行的两个时间点收集数据。在时间1，老年人（N = 141）完成了关于用于预防感染的口罩的自我决定理论（来自老年中心工作人员的感知自主支持、预防流感的自主动机）和计划行为理论（态度、主观规范、感知行为控制以及预防流感的意图）结构的自我报告测量。两周后，在时间2，记录了参与者在有类似流感症状的实验者在场时接受预防流感口罩的情况。
路径分析发现，老年中心工作人员的感知自主支持与使用口罩的自主动机呈正相关且显著相关，而自主动机又通过态度、主观规范和感知行为控制的中介与佩戴口罩的意图呈正相关。然而，意图对口罩使用的影响并不显著。
结果总体上支持了所提出的框架以及先前关于意图的研究结果，但意图与行为之间不显著的关系可能需要未来的研究来探讨尽管老年人有积极的佩戴意图但仍不佩戴口罩预防季节性流感的原因。
