Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, 4222, Queensland, Australia.
Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, 4222, Queensland, Australia.
Microbes Infect. 2017 Nov;19(11):496-504. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2017.07.001. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
Ross River virus (RRV) is an arthitogenic alphavirus capable of causing outbreaks of debilitating musculoskeletal inflammatory disease in humans. RRV is the most common mosquito-borne disease in Australia, with outbreaks of RRV generally occurring during seasonal wet and warm conditions. Patients with Ross River virus disease (RRVD) typically present with fever, polyarthralgia, myalgia and a maculopapular erythematous rash. Treatment of the disease is usually palliative with no licensed vaccines or antiviral therapies currently available. In an effort to better inform therapeutic design, much progress has been made to understand the pathogenesis of RRVD. Progress has been largely driven by clinical evaluations supported by research using established murine models of RRVD, able to accurately replicate human disease. In this review we describe RRVD pathogenesis and the role of the host immune response, with particular focus on insights from studying animal models. We also discuss prospects for effective vaccines, preclinical development of therapeutic strategies and raise important questions for future RRV research.
罗斯河病毒（RRV）是一种致关节炎的甲病毒，能够在人类中引起使人衰弱的肌肉骨骼炎症性疾病。RRV 是澳大利亚最常见的蚊媒疾病，RRV 的爆发通常发生在季节性潮湿和温暖的条件下。患有罗斯河病毒病（RRVD）的患者通常会出现发热、多关节炎、肌痛和斑丘疹性红斑。该疾病的治疗通常是对症治疗，目前尚无许可的疫苗或抗病毒疗法。为了更好地了解治疗设计，人们在理解 RRVD 的发病机制方面取得了很大进展。这一进展在很大程度上是由临床评估推动的，同时还利用了已建立的 RRVD 小鼠模型进行研究，这些模型能够准确复制人类疾病。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 RRVD 的发病机制和宿主免疫反应的作用，特别关注了从研究动物模型中获得的见解。我们还讨论了有效疫苗的前景、治疗策略的临床前开发，并提出了未来 RRV 研究的重要问题。
