Service de parasitologie-mycologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouaga 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Département des sciences biologiques appliquées, unité de formation et de recherche en sciences de la santé, université Ouaga I Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Département des sciences fondamentales et mixtes, Institut supérieur des sciences de la santé, université Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Service de parasitologie-mycologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo, 03 BP 7022, Ouaga 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; École privée de santé sciences nouvelles (ESSN), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
J Mycol Med. 2017 Dec;27(4):469-475. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.07.001. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
In recent years, the infection Candida albicans infection worldwide has risen, and the incidence of resistance to traditional antifungal therapies is also increasing. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro susceptibility of C. albicans clinical isolates to eight antifungal agents in Ouagadougou.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2013 to December 2015 at Yalgado Ouédraogo University Teaching Hospital. Two hundred seven strains have been isolated from 347 symptomatic patients received in different clinical services. Samples were cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar supplemented with Cloramphenicol. Isolates were diagnosed as C. albicans using germ tube test, chlamydospore formation on Corn Meal Agar, and Api-Candida test (Biomérieux). Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method and isolates classified as susceptible, susceptible dose-dependent and resistant.
Three hundred forty-seven (347) patients are included in this study. Two hundred and six (206) out of 347 collected samples (59.36%) were found positive for C. albicans. The strains were mostly isolated from vulvovaginal (49%) and oral infections (40.3%). The highest resistance rates of azoles were obtained with fluconazole (66.5%), itraconazole (52.3%) and ketoconazole (22.9%) when all clinical isolates were included. The resistance rates of fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole remain highest for vulvovaginal and oral isolates. The rate of resistance to the polyene amphotericin B was 32.0% for all clinical isolates and was 56.4% for vulvovaginal strains. Resistance rate to nystatin was 6.3% for all clinical isolates. Cross-resistance analysis with data of all clinical strains revealed that the incidence of resistance to ketoconazole and itraconazole in fluconazole-resistant isolates was significantly higher than recorded for fluconazole-susceptible isolates.
In vitro C. albicans antifungal susceptibility test in this study showed relatively high resistance to commonly and widely used azoles (fluconazole, ketoconazole). Most C. albicans clinical isolates were susceptible to nystatin.
近年来，全球范围内白色念珠菌感染有所增加，传统抗真菌治疗的耐药率也在上升。本研究旨在评估布基纳法索瓦加杜古地区临床分离的白色念珠菌对 8 种抗真菌药物的体外敏感性。
本研究为 2013 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月期间的一项横断面研究，在瓦加杜古大学教学医院进行。从不同临床科室就诊的 347 例有症状患者中分离出 207 株菌株。标本接种于沙保弱葡萄糖琼脂中，并添加氯霉素。采用芽管试验、玉米粉琼脂上厚垣孢子形成和 API-Candida 试验（Biomérieux）对分离株进行鉴定。采用纸片扩散法进行抗真菌药敏试验，根据药敏结果将分离株分为敏感、敏感剂量依赖性和耐药。
本研究共纳入 347 例患者。347 例采集样本中，有 206 例（59.36%）为白色念珠菌阳性。这些菌株主要从阴道（49%）和口腔感染（40.3%）中分离得到。所有临床分离株中，唑类药物中氟康唑（66.5%）、伊曲康唑（52.3%）和酮康唑（22.9%）的耐药率最高。氟康唑、伊曲康唑和酮康唑对阴道和口腔分离株的耐药率最高。两性霉素 B 的耐药率为所有临床分离株的 32.0%，阴道分离株的耐药率为 56.4%。所有临床分离株对制霉菌素的耐药率为 6.3%。对所有临床菌株的数据进行交叉耐药性分析显示，氟康唑耐药株对酮康唑和伊曲康唑的耐药率明显高于氟康唑敏感株。
本研究的白色念珠菌体外抗真菌药敏试验显示，常用和广泛使用的唑类药物（氟康唑、酮康唑）耐药率较高。大多数白色念珠菌临床分离株对制霉菌素敏感。
