Eckstrand Kristen L, Choukas-Bradley Sophia, Mohanty Arpita, Cross Marissa, Allen Nicholas B, Silk Jennifer S, Jones Neil P, Forbes Erika E
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2017 Oct;27:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2017.07.004. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
Adolescent sexual risk behavior can lead to serious health consequences, yet few investigations have addressed its neurodevelopmental mechanisms. Social neurocircuitry is postulated to underlie the development of risky sexual behavior, and response to social reward may be especially relevant. Typically developing adolescents (N=47; 18M, 29F; 16.3±1.4years; 42.5% sexual intercourse experience) completed a social reward fMRI task and reported their sexual risk behaviors (e.g., lifetime sexual partners) on the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Neural response and functional connectivity to social reward were compared for adolescents with higher- and lower-risk sexual behavior. Adolescents with higher-risk sexual behaviors demonstrated increased activation in the right precuneus and the right temporoparietal junction during receipt of social reward. Adolescents with higher-risk sexual behaviors also demonstrated greater functional connectivity between the precuneus and the temporoparietal junction bilaterally, dorsal medial prefrontal cortex, and left anterior insula/ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. The greater activation and functional connectivity in self-referential, social reward, and affective processing regions among higher sexual risk adolescents underscores the importance of social influence underlying sexual risk behaviors. Furthermore, results suggest an orientation towards and sensitivity to social rewards among youth engaging in higher-risk sexual behavior, perhaps as a consequence of or vulnerability to such behavior.
青少年性风险行为会导致严重的健康后果，但很少有研究探讨其神经发育机制。社会神经回路被认为是风险性性行为发展的基础，对社会奖励的反应可能尤为重要。正常发育的青少年（N = 47；18名男性，29名女性；16.3±1.4岁；42.5%有性交经历）完成了一项社会奖励功能磁共振成像任务，并在青少年风险行为调查（YRBS）中报告了他们的性风险行为（例如，终生性伴侣数量）。比较了性风险行为较高和较低的青少年对社会奖励的神经反应和功能连接。性风险行为较高的青少年在接受社会奖励时，右侧楔前叶和右侧颞顶联合区的激活增加。性风险行为较高的青少年在双侧楔前叶与颞顶联合区、背内侧前额叶皮层以及左侧前岛叶/腹外侧前额叶皮层之间也表现出更强的功能连接。性风险较高的青少年在自我参照、社会奖励和情感加工区域中更大的激活和功能连接强调了社会影响在性风险行为中的重要性。此外，研究结果表明，从事高风险性行为的青少年对社会奖励有取向和敏感性，这可能是此类行为的结果或易感性。
