The Marlene & Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson's & Movement Disorders, New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, USA.
The Marlene & Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson's & Movement Disorders, New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, USA.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2018 Jan;46 Suppl 1:S83-S86. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.07.019. Epub 2017 Jul 21.
Infectious diseases remain the most common cause of neurological disability in the world. A number of movement disorders can develop in adults and children in response to infections. These can occur in isolation or as part of a broader neurological illness, with movement abnormalities consequent to an encephalopathy or a broader brain dysfunction. While most infection-related movement disorders are direct consequences of an active infectious process affecting cerebral structures implied in the motor network, at times a delayed immune-mediated process in response to a previous infectious is responsible for the neurological dysfunction. This immunological response can occur as a consequence of a number of pathogens, and develop at variable times after the initial infection. The most common infection-mediated autoimmune movement disorders are chorea, which is especially common in children, and other hyperkinetic disorders, but Parkinsonism and other hypokinetic movement disorders may also occur.
传染病仍然是世界上导致神经功能障碍的最常见原因。许多运动障碍可在成人和儿童中发生，以响应感染。这些障碍可以单独发生，也可以作为更广泛的神经疾病的一部分出现，运动异常是由于脑病或更广泛的大脑功能障碍引起的。虽然大多数与感染相关的运动障碍是直接影响运动网络中涉及的脑结构的活跃感染过程的结果，但有时，对先前感染的免疫介导反应延迟是导致神经功能障碍的原因。这种免疫反应可能是由多种病原体引起的，并在初始感染后不同时间发生。最常见的感染介导的自身免疫性运动障碍是舞蹈病，它尤其常见于儿童和其他运动过度障碍，但帕金森病和其他运动减少障碍也可能发生。
