Bayog Maria Lg, Waters Catherine M
University of California, San Francisco School of Nursing, Department of Community Health Systems, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2017 Aug;16(6):522-529. doi: 10.1177/1474515117697886. Epub 2017 Feb 1.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among all racial and ethnic populations in the USA. Cardiovascular risks and cardioprotective factors have been disparately estimated among Asian American subpopulations.
The study's purpose was to describe the cardiometabolic risks and lifestyle health behaviors associated with cardiovascular disease, considering age and gender, in Filipinos, the second largest Asian American population.
Secondary analysis was conducted of behavioral (smoking, walking, body mass index and soda, fast food and fruit/vegetable consumption), cardiometabolic (hypertension and diabetes) and heart disease variables in the 2011-2012 California Health Interview Survey. The metropolitan sample of Filipino American adults included 57.3% women and had a mean age of 47.9 ± 18.3 years ( n = 555).
Among the sample, 7.4% had heart disease, 38.9% had hypertension, 16.6% had diabetes, 12.4% smoked cigarettes, 83.2% were insufficiently active, 54.2% were overweight/obese, 21.8% routinely ate fast food, 13.2% routinely drank soda and 90.3% did not meet the fruit/vegetable consumption recommendation. Age (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.0, p < 0.0001), hypertension (unadjusted OR = 4.8, p < 0.0001) and diabetes (unadjusted OR = 3.3, p = 0.001) were associated with heart disease. Hypertension was the single greatest heart disease risk, controlling for diabetes, age and gender (adjusted OR = 3.1, p = 0.006).
Primary and secondary prevention and treatment of hypertension should be paramount, along with promotion of glucose control, regular moderate-intensity physical activity, weight management and increased fruit and vegetable consumption in the Filipino American population. A multidisciplinary, chronic care model that is population-specific, emphasizes integrated, comprehensive care and provides linkages between primary healthcare and community resources is recommended for practice.
在美国所有种族和族裔人群中，心血管疾病是主要死因。在美国亚裔亚人群体中，心血管风险和心脏保护因素的评估存在差异。
本研究旨在描述菲律宾裔美国人（美国第二大亚裔群体）中与心血管疾病相关的心脏代谢风险和生活方式健康行为，并考虑年龄和性别因素。
对2011 - 2012年加利福尼亚健康访谈调查中的行为（吸烟、步行、体重指数以及汽水、快餐和水果/蔬菜消费情况）、心脏代谢（高血压和糖尿病）和心脏病变量进行二次分析。菲律宾裔美国成年人的大都市样本中女性占57.3%，平均年龄为47.9±18.3岁（n = 555）。
在样本中，7.4%患有心脏病，38.9%患有高血压，16.6%患有糖尿病，12.4%吸烟，83.2%身体活动不足，54.2%超重/肥胖，21.8%经常吃快餐，13.2%经常喝汽水，90.3%未达到水果/蔬菜消费建议量。年龄（未调整优势比[OR]=1.0，p<0.0001）、高血压（未调整OR = 4.8，p<0.0001）和糖尿病（未调整OR = 3.3，p = 0.001）与心脏病相关。在控制糖尿病、年龄和性别后，高血压是最大的心脏病风险因素（调整后OR = 3.1，p = 0.006）。
在菲律宾裔美国人群体中，高血压的一级和二级预防及治疗应是首要任务，同时应促进血糖控制、定期进行中等强度体育活动、体重管理以及增加水果和蔬菜消费。建议在实践中采用针对特定人群的多学科慢性护理模式，该模式强调综合、全面的护理，并在初级医疗保健和社区资源之间建立联系。
