Yassa R, Nair V, Schwartz G
Biol Psychiatry. 1986 Nov;21(13):1291-7. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(86)90311-2.
Patients with late-onset psychosis (defined as psychosis requiring hospitalization at age 45 or more, n = 20) were compared with early-onset psychosis patients (defined as psychosis requiring hospitalization at age 25 or less, n = 56) for the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia (TD). Late-onset psychosis patients were found to have significantly more TD (p less than 0.01), which was more severe (p less than 0.05) and developed in a relatively shorter period of neuroleptic treatment (p less than 0.001), than patients with early-onset psychosis. In addition, TD patients (irrespective of early or late onset of neuroleptic treatment) were found to show a preponderance of drug-free periods (p less than 0.01) in their past neuroleptic history, more so than non-TD patients. Our findings indicate that late-onset psychosis should be considered to be a risk factor for the development of TD.
对迟发性精神病患者（定义为45岁及以上需要住院治疗的精神病患者，n = 20）和早发性精神病患者（定义为25岁及以下需要住院治疗的精神病患者，n = 56）的迟发性运动障碍（TD）患病率进行了比较。结果发现，迟发性精神病患者的TD明显更多（p < 0.01），病情更严重（p < 0.05），且在相对较短的抗精神病药物治疗期内就出现了TD（p < 0.001），比早发性精神病患者更为明显。此外，TD患者（无论抗精神病药物治疗开始的早晚）在过去的抗精神病药物治疗史中无药期占优势（p < 0.01），比非TD患者更为显著。我们的研究结果表明，迟发性精神病应被视为TD发生的一个危险因素。
