Brabham Robin, Fascione Martin A
York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington Road, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Chembiochem. 2017 Oct 18;18(20):1973-1983. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201700148. Epub 2017 Sep 8.
The pyrrolysine tRNA synthetase-tRNA pair is probably one of the most promiscuous tRNA-synthetase pairs found in nature, capable of genetically encoding a plethora of noncanonical amino acids through stop codon reassignment. Proteins containing reactive handles, post-translational modification mimics or both can be produced in practical quantities, allowing inter alia the probing of biological pathways, generating antibody-drug conjugates and enhancing protein function. This Minireview summarises the development of pyrrolysine amber stop-codon suppression, presents some of the considerations required to utilise this technique to its greatest potential, and showcases the creative ways in which this technique has led to a better understanding of biological systems.
吡咯赖氨酸tRNA合成酶-tRNA对可能是自然界中发现的最具通用性的tRNA合成酶对之一，能够通过终止密码子重新分配对大量非标准氨基酸进行遗传编码。含有反应性基团、翻译后修饰模拟物或两者兼有的蛋白质能够大量生产，尤其可用于探索生物途径、生成抗体-药物偶联物以及增强蛋白质功能。本综述总结了吡咯赖氨酸琥珀色终止密码子抑制技术的发展，介绍了充分发挥该技术潜力所需考虑的一些因素，并展示了该技术如何以创新方式增进我们对生物系统的理解。
