tRNA：结构、功能与应用。
tRNA: Structure, function, and applications.
机构信息
a Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , TX , USA.
出版信息
RNA Biol. 2018;15(4-5):441-452. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2017.1356561. Epub 2017 Sep 13.
Abstract
Pyrrolysine is the 22nd proteinogenic amino acid encoded into proteins in response to amber (TAG) codons in a small number of archaea and bacteria. The incorporation of pyrrolysine is facilitated by a specialized aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (PylRS) and its cognate tRNA (tRNA). The secondary structure of tRNA contains several unique features not found in canonical tRNAs. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the PylRS/tRNA pair from archaea is orthogonal in E. coli and eukaryotic hosts, which has led to the widespread use of this pair for the genetic incorporation of non-canonical amino acids. In this brief review we examine the work that has been done to elucidate the structure of tRNA, its interaction with PylRS, and survey recent progress on the use of tRNA as a tool for genetic code expansion.
摘要
吡咯赖氨酸是第 22 种蛋白氨基酸，少数古菌和细菌通过对琥珀色（TAG）密码子的反应将其编码到蛋白质中。吡咯赖氨酸的掺入是由专门的氨酰-tRNA 合成酶（PylRS）及其同源 tRNA（tRNA）介导的。tRNA 的二级结构包含一些在典型 tRNA 中找不到的独特特征。许多研究表明，来自古菌的 PylRS/tRNA 对在大肠杆菌和真核宿主中是正交的，这导致了该对在遗传掺入非典型氨基酸方面的广泛应用。在这篇简短的综述中，我们考察了阐明 tRNA 结构、其与 PylRS 相互作用以及调查最近在将 tRNA 用作遗传密码扩展工具方面的进展的工作。
相似文献
1
tRNA: Structure, function, and applications.tRNA：结构、功能与应用。
RNA Biol. 2018;15(4-5):441-452. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2017.1356561. Epub 2017 Sep 13.
2
Pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase: an ordinary enzyme but an outstanding genetic code expansion tool.吡咯赖氨酸-tRNA合成酶：一种普通的酶却是出色的遗传密码扩展工具。
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Jun;1844(6):1059-70. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.03.002. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
3
Update of the Pyrrolysyl-tRNA Synthetase/tRNA Pair and Derivatives for Genetic Code Expansion.吡咯赖氨酰-tRNA 合成酶/tRNA 对及其衍生物在遗传密码扩展中的应用更新。
J Bacteriol. 2023 Feb 22;205(2):e0038522. doi: 10.1128/jb.00385-22. Epub 2023 Jan 25.
4
An Evolved Methanomethylophilus alvus Pyrrolysyl-tRNA Synthetase/tRNA Pair Is Highly Active and Orthogonal in Mammalian Cells.进化的 Methanomethylophilus alvus 吡咯赖氨酸-tRNA 合成酶/tRNA 对在哺乳动物细胞中具有高度活性和正交性。
Biochemistry. 2019 Feb 5;58(5):387-390. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00808. Epub 2018 Sep 27.
5
Pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase-tRNA(Pyl) structure reveals the molecular basis of orthogonality.吡咯赖氨酰-tRNA合成酶-tRNA（Pyl）结构揭示了正交性的分子基础。
Nature. 2009 Feb 26;457(7233):1163-7. doi: 10.1038/nature07611. Epub 2008 Dec 31.
6
Mutually orthogonal pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs.互斥的吡咯赖氨酰-tRNA 合成酶/tRNA 对。
Nat Chem. 2018 Aug;10(8):831-837. doi: 10.1038/s41557-018-0052-5. Epub 2018 May 28.
7
Ancestral archaea expanded the genetic code with pyrrolysine.古菌通过吡咯赖氨酸扩展了遗传密码。
J Biol Chem. 2022 Nov;298(11):102521. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102521. Epub 2022 Sep 22.
8
Recognition of non-alpha-amino substrates by pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase.吡咯赖氨酸-tRNA合成酶对非α-氨基底物的识别。
J Mol Biol. 2009 Feb 6;385(5):1352-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.11.059. Epub 2008 Dec 11.
9
Pyrrolysine is not hardwired for cotranslational insertion at UAG codons.吡咯赖氨酸并非硬连接用于在UAG密码子处进行共翻译插入。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 27;104(9):3141-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0611634104. Epub 2007 Feb 20.
10
Structural Basis for Genetic-Code Expansion with Bulky Lysine Derivatives by an Engineered Pyrrolysyl-tRNA Synthetase.工程化吡咯赖氨酰-tRNA 合成酶对大体积赖氨酸衍生物进行遗传密码扩展的结构基础。
Cell Chem Biol. 2019 Jul 18;26(7):936-949.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.03.008. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
引用本文的文献
1
Purification of post-transcriptionally modified tRNAs for enhanced cell-free translation systems.用于增强无细胞翻译系统的转录后修饰tRNA的纯化
bioRxiv. 2025 Jun 10:2025.06.10.658963. doi: 10.1101/2025.06.10.658963.
2
Residue-Specific Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids in Auxotrophic Hosts:营养缺陷型宿主中非天然氨基酸的位点特异性掺入：
Chem Rev. 2025 May 28;125(10):4840-4932. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00280. Epub 2025 May 16.
3
Thioesters Support Efficient Protein Biosynthesis by the Ribosome.硫酯支持核糖体进行高效的蛋白质生物合成。
ACS Cent Sci. 2025 Jan 30;11(3):404-412. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c01698. eCollection 2025 Mar 26.
4
Pyrrolysine Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase as a Tool for Expanding the Genetic Code.吡咯赖氨酸氨酰-tRNA合成酶作为扩展遗传密码的工具。
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jan 10;26(2):539. doi: 10.3390/ijms26020539.
5
Efficient suppression of premature termination codons with alanine by engineered chimeric pyrrolysine tRNAs.通过工程化嵌合吡咯赖氨酸tRNA利用丙氨酸有效抑制提前终止密码子
Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Dec 11;52(22):14244-14259. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkae1048.
6
Navigating the archaeal frontier: insights and projections from bioinformatic pipelines.探索古菌前沿：生物信息学流程的见解与展望
Front Microbiol. 2024 Sep 23;15:1433224. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1433224. eCollection 2024.
7
Tuning tRNAs for improved translation.优化转运RNA以改善翻译过程。
Front Genet. 2024 Jun 25;15:1436860. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1436860. eCollection 2024.
8
Evolution of Pyrrolysyl-tRNA Synthetase: From Methanogenesis to Genetic Code Expansion.吡咯赖氨酰-tRNA 合成酶的进化：从产甲烷作用到遗传密码扩展。
Chem Rev. 2024 Aug 28;124(16):9580-9608. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00031. Epub 2024 Jul 2.
9
Engineering tRNAs for the Ribosomal Translation of Non-proteinogenic Monomers.用于非蛋白质ogenic单体核糖体翻译的工程化tRNA
Chem Rev. 2024 May 22;124(10):6444-6500. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00894. Epub 2024 Apr 30.
10
An evolved pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase with polysubstrate specificity expands the toolbox for engineering enzymes with incorporation of noncanonical amino acids.一种具有多底物特异性的进化型吡咯赖氨酸 - tRNA合成酶扩展了用于通过掺入非天然氨基酸来工程化酶的工具库。
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2023 Dec 11;10(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s40643-023-00712-w.
本文引用的文献
1
Designing logical codon reassignment - Expanding the chemistry in biology.设计逻辑密码子重新分配——拓展生物学中的化学
Chem Sci. 2015 Jan 1;6(1):50-69. doi: 10.1039/c4sc01534g. Epub 2014 Jul 14.
2
Pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase, an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for genetic code expansion.吡咯赖氨酸-tRNA合成酶，一种用于遗传密码扩展的氨酰-tRNA合成酶。
Croat Chem Acta. 2016 Jun;89(2):163-174. doi: 10.5562/cca2825. Epub 2016 Jun 14.
3
Expanding the genetic code of Mus musculus.扩展小鼠的遗传密码。
Nat Commun. 2017 Feb 21;8:14568. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14568.
4
An efficient system for incorporation of unnatural amino acids in response to the four-base codon AGGA in Escherichia coli.一种在大肠杆菌中响应四碱基密码子 AGGA 掺入非天然氨基酸的有效系统。
Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2017 Nov;1861(11 Pt B):3016-3023. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.02.017. Epub 2017 Feb 14.
5
Horizontal gene transfer drives the evolution of Rh50 permeases in prokaryotes.水平基因转移推动原核生物中Rh50通透酶的进化。
BMC Evol Biol. 2017 Jan 3;17(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s12862-016-0850-6.
6
The complete genome sequence of the methanogenic archaeon ISO4-H5 provides insights into the methylotrophic lifestyle of a ruminal representative of the Methanomassiliicoccales.产甲烷古菌ISO4-H5的全基因组序列为深入了解甲烷球形菌目瘤胃代表菌的甲基营养型生活方式提供了线索。
Stand Genomic Sci. 2016 Sep 6;11(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s40793-016-0183-5. eCollection 2016.
7
Genetic code expansion in the mouse brain.小鼠大脑中的遗传密码扩展。
Nat Chem Biol. 2016 Oct;12(10):776-778. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.2160. Epub 2016 Aug 29.
8
Systematic Evolution and Study of UAGN Decoding tRNAs in a Genomically Recoded Bacteria.基因组重编码细菌中UAGN解码tRNA的系统进化与研究
Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 24;6:21898. doi: 10.1038/srep21898.
9
Kinetics of tRNA(Pyl) -mediated amber suppression in Escherichia coli translation reveals unexpected limiting steps and competing reactions.大肠杆菌翻译中tRNA(Pyl)介导的琥珀抑制动力学揭示了意想不到的限速步骤和竞争反应。
Biotechnol Bioeng. 2016 Jul;113(7):1552-9. doi: 10.1002/bit.25917. Epub 2016 Jan 28.
10
Efficient Reassignment of a Frequent Serine Codon in Wild-Type Escherichia coli.野生型大肠杆菌中频繁出现的丝氨酸密码子的高效重新分配
ACS Synth Biol. 2016 Feb 19;5(2):163-71. doi: 10.1021/acssynbio.5b00197. Epub 2015 Nov 20.
Zotero 插件