Division of Endocrinology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
Division of Endocrinology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2017 Sep;46(3):669-677. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2017.04.004. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
Neuroendocrine cells are widely distributed throughout the body. They can produce, store, and secrete peptides and biogenic amines. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare, but most are found in the intestine, pancreas, and lung. NETs may cause specific hormonal symptoms (eg, carcinoid syndrome) or appear nonfunctional. Blood or urine concentrations of tumor-secreted amines and peptides have been used as biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of NETs. This article focuses on currently available biochemical testing of blood or urine for gastroenteropancreatic and lung NETs and discusses the limitations of these tests and the potential role of newer multianalyte markers for NET management.
神经内分泌细胞广泛分布于全身。它们可以产生、储存和分泌肽类和生物胺。神经内分泌肿瘤(NET)较为罕见,但多数见于肠、胰腺和肺。NET 可能引起特定的激素症状(如类癌综合征)或表现为无功能性。肿瘤分泌的胺和肽类在 NET 的诊断和治疗中可作为生物标志物,用于检测血液或尿液中的浓度。本文重点介绍目前可用于胃肠胰和肺 NET 的血液或尿液的生化检测,并讨论这些检测的局限性,以及用于 NET 管理的新型多分析物标志物的潜在作用。