Zhang Ruiyang, Ye Huimin, Liu Junhua, Mao Shengyong
Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110866, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Sep;101(18):6981-6992. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8427-x. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
This study evaluated the effects of high-grain diets on the rumen fermentation, epithelial bacterial community, morphology of rumen epithelium, and local inflammation of goats during high-grain feeding. Twelve 8-month-old goats were randomly assigned to two different diets, a hay diet or a high-grain diet (65% grain, HG). At the end of 7 weeks of treatment, samples of rumen content and rumen epithelium were collected. Rumen pH was lower (P < 0.05), but the levels of volatile fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides were higher (P < 0.05) in the HG group than those in the hay group. The principal coordinate analysis indicated that HG diets altered the rumen epithelial bacterial community, with an increase in the proportion of genus Prevotella and a decrease in the relative abundance of the genera Shuttleworthia and Fibrobacteres. PICRUSt analysis suggested that the HG-fed group had a higher (P < 0.05) relative abundance of gene families related to energy metabolism; folding, sorting, and degradation; translation; metabolic diseases; and immune system. Furthermore, HG feeding resulted in the rumen epithelial injury and upregulated (P < 0.05) the gene expressions of IL-1β and IL-6, and the upregulations were closely related to the rumen pH, LPS level, and rumen epithelial bacteria abundance. In conclusion, our results indicated that the alterations in the rumen environment and epithelial bacterial community which were induced by HG feeding may result in the damage and local inflammation in the rumen epithelium, warranting further study of rumen microbial-host interactions in the HG feeding model.
本研究评估了高谷物日粮对山羊在高谷物饲养期间瘤胃发酵、上皮细菌群落、瘤胃上皮形态以及局部炎症的影响。将12只8月龄山羊随机分为两种不同日粮组，即干草日粮组或高谷物日粮组（65%谷物，HG）。在处理7周结束时，采集瘤胃内容物和瘤胃上皮样本。HG组的瘤胃pH较低（P<0.05），但挥发性脂肪酸和脂多糖水平高于干草组（P<0.05）。主坐标分析表明，HG日粮改变了瘤胃上皮细菌群落，普雷沃氏菌属比例增加，而舒氏菌属和纤维杆菌属的相对丰度降低。PICRUSt分析表明，HG饲喂组中与能量代谢、折叠、分选和降解、翻译、代谢疾病以及免疫系统相关的基因家族相对丰度较高（P<0.05）。此外，HG饲养导致瘤胃上皮损伤，并上调（P<0.05）了IL-1β和IL-6的基因表达，且上调与瘤胃pH、LPS水平和瘤胃上皮细菌丰度密切相关。总之，我们的结果表明，HG饲养诱导的瘤胃环境和上皮细菌群落改变可能导致瘤胃上皮损伤和局部炎症，这值得在HG饲养模型中进一步研究瘤胃微生物与宿主的相互作用。
