Dennis Evida A, Robinson Tanya O, Smythies Lesley E, Smith Phillip D
Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology), VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama.
Department of Pediatrics (Rheumatology), VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama.
Curr Protoc Immunol. 2017 Aug 1;118:14.3.1-14.3.14. doi: 10.1002/cpim.30.
Monocytes and macrophages play fundamental roles in defense against microbes, clearance of senescent and dead cells, and immunoregulation. Although blood monocytes are the source of intestinal macrophages in the developed mucosal immune system, blood monocytes and intestinal macrophages from healthy human subjects display distinct phenotypic and functional differences. Blood monocytes can be induced to polarize into M1 and M2 macrophages, whereas intestinal macrophages appear to be terminally differentiated and are unable to undergo such inducible polarization. Nevertheless, in response to local conditions, monocytes differentiated into intestinal macrophages display phenotypic and functional characteristics that enhance their capacity to provide non-inflammatory host defense and participate in local immunoregulation. Using the protocols described here, this unit presents the key phenotypic and functional differences between human blood monocytes and intestinal macrophages, as well as between mouse and human intestinal macrophages. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
单核细胞和巨噬细胞在抵御微生物、清除衰老和死亡细胞以及免疫调节方面发挥着重要作用。尽管在发育成熟的黏膜免疫系统中，血液单核细胞是肠道巨噬细胞的来源，但健康人类受试者的血液单核细胞和肠道巨噬细胞表现出明显的表型和功能差异。血液单核细胞可被诱导极化为M1和M2巨噬细胞，而肠道巨噬细胞似乎已终末分化，无法进行这种诱导极化。然而，响应局部条件时，分化为肠道巨噬细胞的单核细胞会表现出表型和功能特征，增强其提供非炎症性宿主防御及参与局部免疫调节的能力。利用此处所述的方案，本单元展示了人类血液单核细胞与肠道巨噬细胞之间，以及小鼠和人类肠道巨噬细胞之间关键的表型和功能差异。© 2017约翰威立国际出版公司
