Hussain Tajamul, Margoob Mushtaq Ahmad, Shoib Sheikh, Shafat Mahak, Chandel Rajesh Kumar
Senior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Professor and Ex-Head, Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jun;11(6):VC05-VC08. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/25801.10011. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
Over the last fifty years there has been dramatic change in the human environment, behaviours and way-of-life. These changes have resulted in escalating rates of metabolic syndrome not only in general population but also among people with mental illness. Various factors, like the lack of exercise, use of psychotropic medications and inadequate medical care leads to the increased risk of metabolic changes among people with mental illness. Hence, there is a greater need to evaluate metabolic syndrome in this population.
To find the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among psychiatric inpatients in Tertiary Care Hospital in Kashmir region of North India.
It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Kashmir, India. A total of 213 in-patients with a primary psychiatric diagnosis as per The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD 10) Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders criteria were evaluated for the presence of metabolic syndrome. A modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criterion for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was used. All the intergroup comparisons for parametric data were done by Student's t-test, whereas non-parametric data were analysed by Chi-square tests. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 34.74%. The prevalence was higher in females (43.3%) than males (28.5%) (p<0.05) and it increased with age, with the highest prevalence in the age group >50 years (p<0.05). Among the diagnostic subgroups, the prevalence was highest among patients with unipolar depression (45.0%), while it was lesser in patients with bipolar disorders (37.88%) and psychotic disorders (30.95%). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher (63.64%) among patients taking second generation antipsychotics (p<0.05).
Our study shows that metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent among psychiatric inpatients and needs to be addressed to prevent the risk for cardiovascular diseases.
在过去的五十年里，人类环境、行为和生活方式发生了巨大变化。这些变化不仅导致普通人群中代谢综合征的发病率不断上升，精神疾病患者中也是如此。各种因素，如缺乏运动、使用精神药物和医疗护理不足，导致精神疾病患者发生代谢变化的风险增加。因此，更有必要对这一人群的代谢综合征进行评估。
确定印度北部克什米尔地区三级护理医院精神科住院患者中代谢综合征的患病率。
这是一项在印度克什米尔心理健康与神经科学研究所进行的横断面研究。根据《国际疾病分类》第十次修订版（ICD-10）精神和行为障碍分类标准，对总共213例原发性精神疾病诊断的住院患者进行代谢综合征评估。采用改良的美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组第三次报告（NCEP ATP III）代谢综合征诊断标准。参数数据的所有组间比较均采用学生t检验，非参数数据采用卡方检验。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
代谢综合征的总体患病率为34.74%。女性患病率（43.3%）高于男性（28.5%）（p<0.05），且随年龄增长而增加，在>50岁年龄组中患病率最高（p<0.05）。在诊断亚组中，单相抑郁症患者的患病率最高（45.0%），而双相情感障碍患者（37.88%）和精神障碍患者（30.95%）的患病率较低。服用第二代抗精神病药物的患者中代谢综合征的患病率显著更高（63.64%）（p<0.05）。
我们的研究表明，代谢综合征在精神科住院患者中高度流行，需要加以关注以预防心血管疾病风险。
