Álvarez Belén, Biosca Elena G
Departamento de Investigación Aplicada y Extensión Agraria, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y AlimentarioMadrid, Spain.
Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Universitat de ValènciaValencia, Spain.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jul 14;8:1218. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01218. eCollection 2017.
Bacterial wilt diseases caused by , , and subsp. (former species complex) are among the most important plant diseases worldwide, severely affecting a high number of crops and ornamentals. Difficulties of bacterial wilt control by non-biological methods are related to effectiveness, bacterial resistance and environmental impact. Alternatively, a great many biocontrol strategies have been carried out, with the advantage of being environmentally friendly. Advances in bacterial wilt biocontrol include an increasing interest in bacteriophage-based treatments as a promising re-emerging strategy. Bacteriophages against the bacterial wilt pathogens have been described with either lytic or lysogenic effect but, they were proved to be active against strains belonging to and/or subsp. , not to the present species, and only two of them demonstrated successful biocontrol potential . Despite the publication of three patents on the topic, until now no bacteriophage-based product is commercially available. Therefore, there is still much to be done to incorporate valid bacteriophages in an integrated management program to effectively fight bacterial wilt in the field.
由青枯雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）、茄科雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum）和马尼拉雷尔氏菌菲律宾亚种（Ralstonia mannitolilytica subsp. philippinensis）（以前的青枯菌物种复合体）引起的青枯病是全球最重要的植物病害之一，严重影响大量农作物和观赏植物。通过非生物方法控制青枯病存在困难，这与有效性、细菌抗性和环境影响有关。相比之下，已经开展了许多生物防治策略，其优点是环境友好。青枯病生物防治的进展包括对基于噬菌体的处理方法的兴趣日益增加，这是一种有前景的重新兴起的策略。已经描述了针对青枯病病原体的具有裂解或溶源作用的噬菌体，但事实证明它们对属于青枯雷尔氏菌和/或马尼拉雷尔氏菌菲律宾亚种的菌株有活性，对目前的茄科雷尔氏菌物种没有活性，并且其中只有两种表现出成功的生物防治潜力。尽管已经发表了三项关于该主题的专利，但到目前为止，还没有基于噬菌体的产品上市。因此，要将有效的噬菌体纳入综合管理计划以在田间有效对抗青枯病，仍有许多工作要做。
