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晶粒尺寸对316L型不锈钢中超声衰减的影响。

Effects of Grain Size on Ultrasonic Attenuation in Type 316L Stainless Steel.

作者信息

Wan Tao, Naoe Takashi, Wakui Takashi, Futakawa Masatoshi, Obayashi Hironari, Sasa Toshinobu

机构信息

J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2017 Jul 5;10(7):753. doi: 10.3390/ma10070753.

DOI:10.3390/ma10070753
PMID:28773115
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5551796/
Abstract

A lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) spallation target will be installed in the Target Test Facility (TEF-T) in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). The spallation target vessel filled with LBE is made of type 316L stainless steel. However, various damages, such as erosion/corrosion damage and liquid metal embrittlement caused by contact with flowing LBE at high temperature, and irradiation hardening caused by protons and neutrons, may be inflicted on the target vessel, which will deteriorate the steel and might break the vessel. To monitor the target vessel for prevention of an accident, an ultrasonic technique has been proposed to establish off-line evaluation for estimating vessel material status during the target maintenance period. Basic R&D must be carried out to clarify the dependency of ultrasonic wave propagation behavior on material microstructures and obtain fundamental knowledge. As a first step, ultrasonic waves scattered by the grains of type 316L stainless steel are investigated using new experimental and numerical approaches in the present study. The results show that the grain size can be evaluated exactly and quantitatively by calculating the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic waves scattered by the grains. The results also show that the scattering regimes of ultrasonic waves depend heavily on the ratio of wavelength to average grain size, and are dominated by grains of extraordinarily large size along the wave propagation path.

摘要

一个铅铋共晶（LBE）散裂靶将被安装在日本质子加速器研究中心（J-PARC）的靶测试设施（TEF-T）中。装有LBE的散裂靶容器由316L型不锈钢制成。然而，靶容器可能会受到各种损伤，如高温下与流动的LBE接触导致的侵蚀/腐蚀损伤和液态金属脆化，以及质子和中子引起的辐照硬化，这些都会使钢材性能恶化并可能导致容器破裂。为了在预防事故时监测靶容器，已提出一种超声技术，用于在靶维护期间建立离线评估以估计容器材料状态。必须开展基础研发工作，以阐明超声波传播行为对材料微观结构的依赖性，并获取基础知识。作为第一步，在本研究中使用新的实验和数值方法研究了316L型不锈钢晶粒散射的超声波。结果表明，通过计算晶粒散射超声波的衰减系数，可以准确且定量地评估晶粒尺寸。结果还表明，超声波的散射状态在很大程度上取决于波长与平均晶粒尺寸的比值，并且由沿波传播路径的特大尺寸晶粒主导。

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