Nijboer J A, Dorlas J C, Salt P J
Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1986 Mar;3(2):143-51.
The effects of induction of anaesthesia, endotracheal intubation and surgical stimuli on the systemic and peripheral circulations were studied in three groups of patients. In group KA (n = 8) anaesthesia was induced with ketamine (2 mg kg-1) and alcuronium, supplemented by N2O-O2 alone; in group KAH (n = 9) 0.5% halothane was added to the N2O-O2; and in the control group TAH (n = 8) anaesthesia was induced with a sleep dose of thiopentone and alcuronium, supplemented by N2O-O2 and halothane. The circulation in the finger was monitored by photo-electric plethysmography. Induction produced a significant pressor response in both ketamine groups, but not in the TAH group, while the finger plethysmogram demonstrated peripheral vasodilatation in all three groups. Intubation, on the other hand, elicited a significant pressor response in the TAH and in the KAH group but not in the KA group. The finger plethysmogram, however, always showed peripheral vasoconstriction during intubation in the thiopentone group (TAH) but never in either of the ketamine groups. The results suggest that ketamine exerts a peripheral ganglion blocking effect.
在三组患者中研究了麻醉诱导、气管插管和手术刺激对全身及外周循环的影响。KA组（n = 8）用氯胺酮（2 mg/kg）和阿库氯铵诱导麻醉，仅补充N₂O - O₂；KAH组（n = 9）在N₂O - O₂中加入0.5%氟烷；对照组TAH组（n = 8）用睡眠剂量的硫喷妥钠和阿库氯铵诱导麻醉，补充N₂O - O₂和氟烷。通过光电体积描记法监测手指循环。诱导在两个氯胺酮组均产生显著的升压反应，但在TAH组未出现，而手指体积描记图显示三组均有外周血管扩张。另一方面，插管在TAH组和KAH组引发显著的升压反应，但在KA组未出现。然而，手指体积描记图在硫喷妥钠组（TAH）插管期间始终显示外周血管收缩，而在两个氯胺酮组中从未出现。结果表明氯胺酮具有外周神经节阻滞作用。
