重症监护病房中的高致病性病原体制备

Garibaldi Brian T, Chertow Daniel S

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, 5th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 2C-145, Bethesda, MD 20892-1662, USA.

Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2017 Sep;31(3):561-576. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2017.05.008.

The recent Ebola virus disease outbreak highlighted the need to build national and worldwide capacity to provide care for patients with highly infectious diseases. Specialized biocontainment units were successful in treating several critically ill patients with Ebola virus disease both in the United States and Europe. Several key principles underlie the care of critically ill patients in a high-containment environment. Environmental factors, staffing, equipment, training, laboratory testing, procedures, and waste management each present unique challenges. A multidisciplinary approach is key to developing effective systems and protocols to maintain the safety of patients, staff, and communities.

近期的埃博拉病毒病疫情凸显了建立国家和全球范围内为高度传染性疾病患者提供护理能力的必要性。在美国和欧洲，专门的生物安全隔离病房成功救治了数名埃博拉病毒病重症患者。在高隔离环境中护理重症患者有几个关键原则。环境因素、人员配备、设备、培训、实验室检测、操作程序以及废物管理各自都带来了独特的挑战。多学科方法是制定有效系统和方案以维护患者、工作人员及社区安全的关键。